云南长易硫化铅锌矿及其伴生元素综合回收利用研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 06:02

本文选题：工艺矿物学 + 铅锌硫化矿　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：铅锌有色金属一直是国民经济建设中不可或缺的基础金属,也是全世界国家重点发展的有色金属对象。硫化铅锌矿床因其矿物之间的结构、构造及嵌布关系往往比较复杂,很难实现方铅矿和闪锌矿的有效分离。因此,铅锌分离是能否实现矿物有效回收的关键,它也成为了选矿研究领域一直以来的难点和热点。本文针对含有价伴生希贵金属较多的铅锌多金属硫化矿进行研究,通过实验室小试来探索其选矿工艺流程和浮选条件,对后续铅锌多金属硫化矿的分离以及伴生在其中的稀贵金属的综合回收有一定的指导作用。试验所研究矿石由云南长易矿业有限公司提供。论文对矿石进行了工艺矿物学研究,结果表明,该矿石类型为硫化铅锌矿,包含硫化物、氧化物、硅酸盐、碳酸盐、磷酸盐、硫酸盐六类共15种矿物,主要目的矿物为方铅矿、闪锌矿,分别占总矿物的1.7%和12.5%；主要脉石矿物为石英、白云石,含量分别占48%和26%,同时,原矿含有4%左右的黄铁矿,它将对最终精矿品位产生影响。矿石主要回收元素为铅和锌,含量分别为1.46%和8.98%,闪锌矿占到含锌矿物的96.32%,是唯一的目的锌矿物；铅主要以独立矿物的形式赋存在方铅矿中,占到含铅矿物的83.16%,其它含铅矿物含量极少,因此方铅矿是唯一的目的铅矿物。矿石伴生元素丰富,如铟、锗、镓、镉等,且都是以类质同象的形式存在于方铅矿和闪锌矿中,这些元素将随着闪锌矿和方铅矿一同回收。根据工艺矿物学研究结果,论文首先对该矿石进行了优先浮选和混合浮选后抑锌浮铅的原则流程探索试验,决定采用直接优先浮选流程。并在此基础上进行了条件试验研究,确定了最佳药剂制度和操作参数。通过开路试验确定采用一粗三精一扫的原则流程对铅进行回收,选锌采用一粗三精一扫的原则流程；闭路试验可获得铅精矿与锌精矿两个产品,其中铅精矿品位54.42%,含锌5.17%,回收率89.15%；锌精矿品位45.86%,含铅0.75%,回收率97.49%,其中银在方铅矿中的回收率达到了57.4%,达到了计价单位,锗、镓、铟的回收率分别为90.15%、82.24%、93.07%,元素镉的回收率也达到了94.76%左右,符合矿物资源综合利用的要求。
[Abstract]:Lead - zinc non - ferrous metal has been an indispensable foundation for national economic construction , and it is a non - ferrous metal object of national key development in the world . It is very difficult to realize the effective separation of galena and sphalerite because of its structure , structure and distribution relationship . The research results show that the ore type is sulfide lead - zinc ore . It contains 15 kinds of minerals , such as sulfide , oxide , silicate , carbonate , phosphate and sulfate . The main target minerals are galena and sphalerite , accounting for 1.7 % and 12.5 % of the total mineral .
The main gangue minerals are quartz , dolomite , content of 48 % and 26 % respectively . At the same time , the raw ore contains about 4 % pyrite , which will affect the grade of the final concentrate . The main recovery elements are lead and zinc , the content is 1 . 46 % and 8 . 98 % , respectively , and the sphalerite accounts for 96.32 % of the mineral containing zinc , which is the only target zinc mineral ;
Lead minerals are mainly contained in galena , accounting for 83.16 % of Pb - containing minerals and little content of other Pb - bearing minerals , so galena is the sole purpose lead mineral . The ore - associated elements are rich , such as indium , germanium , gallium , cadmium and so on .
The closed test can obtain two products of lead concentrate and zinc concentrate , of which the grade of lead concentrate is 54.42 % , the zinc content is 5.17 % , the recovery rate is 89.15 % ;
The recovery of zinc concentrate is 45.86 % , lead content 0.75 % and recovery rate 97.49 % . The recovery rate of Ag in galena reaches 57.4 % . The recovery rate of Ag in galena is 90.15 % , 82.24 % , 93.07 % , and the recovery rate of elemental cadmium is about 94.76 % , which accords with the requirement of comprehensive utilization of mineral resources .

【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD952

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