煤矿水害致灾机理研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 19:32

本文选题：煤矿水害 + 致灾水源　；参考：《西安科技大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：矿井水害是我国大多数煤矿普遍存在的重大安全问题,也是煤矿长期以来难以解决的一大难题。鉴于煤矿水害类型的多样性和致灾机理的复杂性,本文重点选取了顶板含水层(体)水害、底板承压水害和老空水害三种具有一定隐蔽性的水害类型,并相应的以陕西省玉华煤矿、董家河煤矿和建北煤矿为具体研究对象,围绕顶、底板岩层以及采空区隔水煤柱由于采掘破坏诱发突水而展开研究。在顶板含水层(体)水害致灾机理研究方面:以玉华煤矿为例,分析其顶板突水特征和突水条件,并以1412工作面为地质原型,利用UDEC软件模拟4-2号煤层在采动过程中覆岩垮落变形、离层发育及导水裂隙带发育过程,同时运用关键层理论具体分析顶板离层空间发育位置和导水裂隙带最高发育层位。从致灾水源、致灾通道及致灾过程三个方面综合分析煤层顶板含水层(体)水害的致灾机理,并提出顶板离层水的预测方法。在底板承压水致灾机理研究方面:以董家河煤矿为例,分析煤层底板含水层特征及突水介质条件,并以22507工作面为地质原型,利用FLAC3D软件模拟5号煤层回采工作面不同推进距离、不同煤层埋深和不同工作面倾向长度条件下底板岩层垂直应力变化、垂直位移变化和塑性破坏区分布规律,综合分析确定底板的最大破坏深度。从致灾水源、致灾通道及致灾过程三个方面分析总结底板承压水害的致灾机理。在老空水害致灾机理研究方面:以建北煤矿为例,从充水水源、充水通道和聚水空间三个方面研究一盘区采空区积水的形成机制,并建立建北煤矿一盘区采空区积水动态预计模型。从致灾水源、致灾通道和致灾过程三个方面总结采空区积水的致灾机理,并对回风大巷与一盘区北部101工作面回风顺槽间防隔水煤柱安全性进行了评价,对一、三盘区防隔水煤柱的合理留设宽度进行了确定。本文对煤矿水害的致灾机理的研究中,所得到的多个模拟实验结果、理论分析结果均与实测结果进行了验证,所得结论具有一定的可靠性。希望对今后各类煤矿水害防治措施的制定提供一定的技术参考。
[Abstract]:Mine water hazard is a major safety problem in most coal mines in China, and it is also a difficult problem to solve for a long time. In view of the diversity of water hazard types in coal mines and the complexity of disaster mechanism, this paper focuses on the selection of three types of water hazards with certain concealment, such as roof aquifer (body) water hazard, bottom pressure water hazard and old air water hazard. Taking Yuhua Coal Mine, Dongjiahe Coal Mine and Jianbei Coal Mine in Shaanxi Province as the specific research objects, the research is carried out around the roof, floor strata and water-separated coal pillar in goaf due to the water inrush induced by excavation damage. In the aspect of water disaster mechanism of roof aquifer (body): taking Yuhua coal mine as an example, the characteristics and conditions of roof water inrush are analyzed, and 1412 face is taken as geological prototype. In this paper, UDEC software is used to simulate the overburden collapse deformation, the development of the separation layer and the development of the water-conducting fissure zone in the mining process of the 4-2 coal seam. At the same time, the spatial development position of the roof dissociation layer and the highest developed horizon of the water-conducting fissure zone are analyzed by using the key layer theory. The mechanism of water disaster caused by coal seam roof aquifer (body) is comprehensively analyzed from three aspects: water source, disaster channel and disaster process, and the prediction method of roof water is put forward. In the aspect of research on the mechanism of floor pressure water disaster, taking Dongjiahe coal mine as an example, the characteristics of coal seam floor aquifer and the condition of water inrush medium are analyzed, and the geological prototype of 22507 face is taken as the geological prototype. FLAC3D software is used to simulate the variation of vertical stress, vertical displacement and distribution of plastic failure zone of floor rock under different propulsive distance, different seam depth and different inclined length of coal face in No. 5 coal seam. The maximum failure depth of the bottom plate is determined by comprehensive analysis. In this paper, the mechanism of water hazard caused by bottom plate pressure is analyzed and summarized from three aspects: water source, passage and process. In the aspect of the study on the mechanism of water hazard in old air, taking Jianbei coal mine as an example, the formation mechanism of water accumulation in goaf is studied from three aspects: water source, water filling channel and water accumulation space. A dynamic prediction model of water accumulation in goaf of Jianbei Coal Mine is established. This paper summarizes the mechanism of water accumulation in goaf from three aspects of water source, passage and process of disaster, and evaluates the safety of water-proof coal pillar between the return air roadway and the return air of 101 working face in the north of the area. The reasonable setting width of the water-proof coal pillar in the three-disk area is determined. In this paper, in the study of the mechanism of coal mine water disaster, many simulated experimental results have been obtained, and the theoretical analysis results have been verified with the measured results, and the conclusions obtained are reliable to a certain extent. It is hoped to provide some technical reference for the formulation of water hazard prevention measures in coal mines in the future.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD745

【参考文献】