爆破载荷作用下控制孔增透作用机理试验研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 05:12

本文选题：煤层爆破增透 + 控制孔　；参考：《振动与冲击》2017年24期

【摘要】：为了研究爆破载荷作用下控制孔增透作用机理,在实验室搭建爆破模拟试验系统,设计了有控制孔和无控制孔两种不同的模型试件,以煤体工程分类为依据结合构造煤物理力学特性利用相似材料配比加工制备尺寸为300 mm×300 mm×300 mm的两种模型试样进行爆破模拟试验。利用高速摄像仪记录试样完整的裂纹萌生、扩展、贯通直至试样破坏的全过程,采用超动态应变仪监测煤岩层的应变信号,利用网络并行电法仪CT反演爆破前后模型试件电阻率的变化,分析两种模型试件在爆破载荷作用下裂纹扩展、动态力学和电性参数特性,进一步揭示了控制孔在深孔控制爆破卸压增透中的作用。结果表明,爆破载荷在固定端("硬"材料)产生反射压缩波,在控制孔全部反射成拉伸波;爆破试样在冲击波、应力波、爆生气体的共同作用下产生两段主要波形,测点径向应变峰值与切向应变峰值相近;爆破前后煤岩电阻率产生异常变化,前后的平均异常系数为6~9。研究成果可用于现场工程实践中利用深孔控制爆破技术卸压增透防治煤与瓦斯突出等瓦斯灾害。
[Abstract]:In order to study the antireflection mechanism of control holes under blasting load, a blasting simulation test system was established in the laboratory. Two different model specimens with and without control holes were designed. Based on the classification of coal mass engineering and the physical and mechanical properties of structural coal, two model samples with the size of 300mm 脳 300mm 脳 300mm were prepared by using the similar material ratio to carry out blasting simulation tests. The whole process of crack initiation, propagation, penetration and failure of the specimen was recorded by high speed camera, and the strain signal of coal strata was monitored by super dynamic strain meter. The variation of the resistivity of the model specimen before and after blasting was inversed by using the network parallel electrical instrument CT. The crack propagation, dynamic mechanics and electrical parameter characteristics of the two model specimens under blasting load were analyzed. The effect of control hole on pressure relief and antireflection of deep hole controlled blasting is further revealed. The results show that the blasting load produces the reflected compression wave at the fixed end ("hard" material) and the tensile wave in the control hole, and the blasting specimen produces two main waves under the combined action of shock wave, stress wave and explosion gas. The peak value of radial strain is close to the peak of tangential strain, and the resistivity of coal and rock produces abnormal changes before and after blasting, and the average abnormal coefficient is 6 / 9 before and after blasting. The research results can be used to prevent gas disasters such as coal and gas outburst by using deep hole controlled blasting technology in field engineering practice.
【作者单位】：安徽理工大学能源与安全学院;安徽理工大学煤矿安全高效开采省部共建教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(51474009;51674009) 国家青年自然科学基金(51604010) 安徽省自然科学基金(1708085QE111)
【分类号】：TD713

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