华亭矿区煤巷底板型冲击矿压发生机理及防控方法研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 11:37

本文选题：冲击地压 + 动态扩容　；参考：《北京科技大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：煤巷冲击地压是安全生产的巨大隐患和威胁。本文以华亭矿区煤巷冲击地压为对象,对矿山巷道冲击地压的发生机理及防治方法进行了试验和理论研究。(1)分析了华亭煤田地质特征及冲击地压发生与开采的相关性；通过统计分析,初步掌握了冲击地压显现的规律和破坏状况。(2)对华亭煤田煤岩冲击倾向性进行了试验研究,确定了华亭煤田煤岩的冲击倾向性,同时采用主成分方法对冲击倾向性进行了综合指标分析。(3)通过煤岩力学试验和现场监测数据,发现煤岩动态扩容和边界放大现象在冲击地压产生过程中所起到的重要作用。建立了描述煤岩扩容的理论模型,阐明巷道围岩动态扩容引起冲击地压的机理。通过现场监测和数值模拟,分析了巷道围岩静力学和动力学上的边界放大现象,为冲击地压解危和支护系统参数优化提供了理论依据。(4)针对华亭煤田特有的煤巷底板冲击地压显现的情况,进行了巷道底板突变失稳的理论分析。提出了底板非协调变形的机制,采用中厚板理论和尖点突变模型对底板结构性进行失稳分析,指出了底板失稳的关键控制指标。(5)研究冲击危险巷道的解危措施,系统性地分析煤矿冲击性巷道解危方法,除了如大直径钻孔、煤层注水、爆破卸压等方法外,针对华亭煤田的具体情况,结合理论分析和边界放大现象,提出了冲击性巷道定向解危方法,现场实践效果良好。(6)建立了冲击性巷道支护系统的设计方法,通过合理地进行支护参数的优化和支护设计的创新性改进,来减弱或消除冲击矿压对井下巷道的破坏作用。在动态扩容的基础上提出了长锚杆短锚索匹配原则。分别从锚索承受的能量、煤体聚集的能量以及支护的承载能力等角度进行理论分析及数值模拟检验,并经过了现场效果验证。
[Abstract]:Coal roadway impact ground pressure is a huge hidden danger and threat to safety production. In this paper, the coal roadway impact ground pressure in Huating mining area is taken as the object, and the occurrence mechanism and prevention methods of the impact ground pressure in the mine roadway are studied experimentally and theoretically. 1) the geological characteristics of Huating coal field and the correlation between the occurrence of the impact ground pressure and the mining are analyzed. Through statistical analysis, we have preliminarily grasped the law of percussive ground pressure appearance and the damage condition. (2) the impact tendency of coal and rock in Huating coal field has been studied experimentally, and the impact tendency of coal and rock in Huating coalfield has been determined. At the same time, the principal component method is used to analyze the impact tendency. (3) based on the coal rock mechanics test and field monitoring data, it is found that the dynamic expansion and boundary magnification of coal and rock play an important role in the process of rock burst. A theoretical model describing the expansion of coal and rock is established, and the mechanism of rock burst caused by dynamic expansion of surrounding rock of roadway is clarified. Through field monitoring and numerical simulation, the phenomenon of boundary amplification in statics and dynamics of surrounding rock of roadway is analyzed. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the relief of perils by impact ground pressure and the optimization of supporting system parameters. (4) in view of the percussive behavior of coal roadway floor in Huating coalfield, this paper makes a theoretical analysis of sudden instability of roadway floor. The mechanism of non-conforming deformation of floor plate is put forward, and the structural instability of floor plate is analyzed by means of plate theory and cusp catastrophe model, and the key control index of floor instability is pointed out. In this paper, the authors systematically analyze the perilous method of impact roadway in coal mine. Besides the methods such as large diameter drilling, coal seam water injection, blasting pressure relief and so on, in view of the concrete situation of Huating coalfield, combined with theoretical analysis and boundary magnification phenomenon, In this paper, the directional risk solving method of impact roadway is put forward, and the design method of supporting system of impact roadway is established with good practical effect on the spot. Through reasonable optimization of supporting parameters and innovative improvement of supporting design, To weaken or eliminate the impact rock pressure on the underground roadway damage. On the basis of dynamic expansion, the matching principle of long bolt and short anchor cable is put forward. The theoretical analysis and numerical simulation test are carried out from the angles of the energy of anchor cable, the energy of coal mass accumulation and the bearing capacity of support, respectively, and verified by the field effect.
【学位授予单位】：北京科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD324

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