易自燃特厚煤层综放工作面防灭火技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 07:52

本文选题：易自燃特厚煤层 + 综放开采　；参考：《西安科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：综采放顶煤开采方法的推广应用,在给煤矿带来工作面高产高效的同时,也给易自燃特厚煤层自燃火灾的防治带来了严峻的考验。特别是在易自燃特厚煤层开采中,采空区往往留有大量的松散遗煤,顶板冒落程度大,漏风严重,使得遗煤很容易与漏风流中的氧气发生氧化反应,从而导致采空区自燃火灾的发生,严重威胁矿工的生命安全和煤矿的安全生产。本文以秦源煤矿N105综放工作面为工程背景,根据N105工作面的CO浓度变化,分析了 N105工作面的自然发火过程和火区情况。确定了以高分子胶体和液态CO2灭火技术为主的降温措施,以注氮、注液态CO2为主的降氧措施,以高分子胶体隔离为主的堵漏措施,并采用封闭火区,通过措施巷向采空区开展防灭火工作的整体思路。采集秦源煤矿N105工作面煤样,分别用高分子胶体材料、N2和CO2对煤样进行处理,然后进行程序升温实验,分析得出:N2对低温阶段烷烯烃生成的惰化效果明显;C02对高温阶段耗氧速率、CO的产生惰化效果更明显;整体对比而言,高分子胶体对于抑制CO、耗氧速率及烷烯烃的产生效果更加明显。在正常生产期间,对N105工作面的自然发火进行了“三带”观测,得出工作面架后采空区15m范围内为散热带,15～60m范围为氧化升温带,60m以上为窒息带。结合周边煤矿的自然发火资料和采煤工艺,得出进、回风侧临近20m内、压裂的煤柱、废弃的钻孔、“两道”和“两线”五处为自燃危险区域和防灭火工作的重点,为N105工作面火区启封后恢复生产期间的防灭火工作提供了参考。综合程序升温实验和现场自燃“三带”划分,确定了合理的注氮位置、迈步式注氮间距以及N105工作面火区治理具体方案。通过对该工作面火区的治理,验证了液态C02和高分子胶体的降温性能,并验证了高分子胶体的阻化和堵漏效果。实际工程证明,对于大范围高温火区,高分子胶体和液态CO2技术具有很好的降温效果,对于同类大范围高温火区提供了宝贵的经验。
[Abstract]:The popularization and application of fully mechanized caving coal mining method not only bring high yield and high efficiency to the coal face, but also bring severe test to the prevention and control of spontaneous combustion fire in the very thick coal seam easily spontaneous combustion. Especially in the easy spontaneous combustion of extra thick coal seam, the goaf often leaves a large amount of loose coal, the roof caving degree is large, and the air leakage is serious, which makes the residual coal easily oxidize with oxygen in the leaking air flow. Therefore, the spontaneous combustion fire in goaf will seriously threaten the safety of miners and the safety of coal mine production. Taking N105 fully mechanized caving face of Qinyuan Coal Mine as the engineering background, according to the change of CO concentration in N105 face, the spontaneous combustion process and fire area of N105 face are analyzed in this paper. The main cooling measures are polymer colloid and liquid CO2 fire extinguishing technology, the oxygen reducing measures are nitrogen injection, liquid CO2 is injected, the leakage plugging measure is polymer colloid isolation, and the fire area is closed. The whole train of thought of preventing and extinguishing fire in goaf through measure roadway. Coal samples from N105 face of Qinyuan Coal Mine were collected and treated with polymer colloidal materials such as N _ 2 and CO2 respectively, and then programmed heating experiments were carried out. The results show that the inerting effect of N _ 2 on alkene formation at low temperature is more obvious than that of CO at oxygen consumption rate at high temperature. The effect of polymer colloid on the inhibition of CO, oxygen consumption rate and alkenes production is more obvious. During normal production, the "three zones" of spontaneous combustion in N105 working face were observed, and it was concluded that the heat dissipation zone 1560 m in the goaf behind the frame of the working face is above 60 m in the oxidized heating zone and the asphyxiation zone is above 60 m. Combining with the spontaneous combustion data and coal mining technology of surrounding coal mines, it is concluded that the entry, return air side near 20 m, fractured coal pillar, abandoned borehole, "two channels" and "two lines" are the key points of the self-ignition dangerous area and the fire prevention and extinguishing work. It provides a reference for the fire prevention and fire extinguishing work during the period of recovery production after the fire area of N105 face is unsealed. By synthesizing the temperature programmed experiment and the division of "three zones" on site spontaneous combustion, the reasonable nitrogen injection position, the step type nitrogen injection distance and the concrete scheme of fire area control in N105 face are determined. The cooling performance of liquid CO2 and polymer colloid was verified by controlling the fire area of the working face, and the effect of blocking and plugging leakage of polymer colloid was also verified. It is proved by practical engineering that polymer colloid and liquid CO2 technology have good cooling effect for large scale high temperature fire zone and provide valuable experience for similar large range high temperature fire zone.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD752.2

【参考文献】