煤矿突水行为研究系列试验装置研发及应用

发布时间：2018-05-01 00:05

本文选题：煤矿开采 + 试验系统　；参考：《金属矿山》2017年02期

【摘要】：随着煤矿开采深度和强度的不断提高,矿井面临底板突水、顶板突水和构造突水等多方面的挑战,针对不同类型突水机理及灾变模式利用现场监测等手段难以进行研究,因此采用实验室物理模拟试验手段成为解决研究此类复杂问题的关键。针对该问题,山东科技大学自主研发了采动煤层底板突水相似模拟试验系统、采动顶板涌水溃砂模拟试验系统、岩石应力渗流耦合真三轴试验系统等一系列试验设备,建立了突水行为研究实验室,利用物理试验实现了对矿井突水问题的探讨。系统实现了模拟高水压和高应力作用下的底板岩体破裂演化过程,获得了底板突水致灾演化规律和内在机制;实现了对水岩耦合作用下采动顶板突水溃砂灾变特征分析,透过试验机清晰地展现了煤层开挖后上覆岩层空间形成的结构形态和水砂突涌通道的分布形态;为模拟提供了深部高应力、高水压的加载环境以及独立伺服控制的三维应力,实现了全数字化的数据采集过程,获得了岩体裂隙扩展演化规律和破裂过程的声发射行为。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of mining depth and intensity, the mine faces many challenges, such as water inrush from floor, roof and structure, etc. It is difficult to study the mechanism of water inrush and the disaster mode by means of field monitoring. Therefore, the use of laboratory physical simulation test is the key to solve such complex problems. To solve this problem, Shandong University of Science and Technology has independently developed a series of test equipment, such as similar simulation test system for water inrush from mining coal seam floor, simulated test system for mining roof water gushing and sand bursting, and real triaxial test system for rock stress-seepage coupling, etc. The laboratory of water inrush behavior was established, and the problem of mine water inrush was discussed by physical experiment. The fracture evolution process of floor rock mass under the action of high water pressure and high stress is realized systematically, and the evolution law and internal mechanism of floor water inrush are obtained, and the disaster characteristics of water inrush and sand bursting of mining roof under the coupling action of water and rock are analyzed. Through the testing machine, the structure form of the overlying strata formed after the coal seam excavation and the distribution form of the water sand surge passage are clearly shown, which provides the loading environment of deep high stress and high water pressure as well as the three dimensional stress controlled by independent servo for simulation. The whole digital data acquisition process is realized, and the evolution law of rock fracture and the acoustic emission behavior of fracture process are obtained.
【作者单位】：山东科技大学矿业与安全工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:50492074,51604167,51404146) 山东省重点研发计划项目(编号:2015GSF120016,2016GSF117036) 河南省矿产资源绿色高效开采与综合利用重点实验室开放基金项目(编号:S201610,S201609) 中国博士后科学基金项目(编号:20090451269)
【分类号】：TD745

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