多因素影响下断层活化规律研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 13:26

本文选题：断层活化 + 采动影响　；参考：《山东科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：原始地应力的分布因断层的存在导致了不连续及复杂状态,当采掘工作面推进到断层附近时,工作面超前支承压力因断层的存在也出现了明显的不连续性。研究表明,正是由于应力的不连续状态导致断层附近应力与能量的积聚,而当断层活化时,大量能量在瞬间释放,轻则引起断层滑移破坏,重则导致整个顶板失衡垮落发生冒顶事故。断层角度的不同也影响断层附近应力分布及断层稳定性,上/下盘开采的不同会对断层附近应力分布的扰动不同,正/逆断层应力分布差异及对采动的响应也有差异,各因素影响程度各有不同。论文首先总结了常见的可能影响断层活化规律的各种因素,重点分析工作面采动、正/逆断层差异、上/下盘开采的不同、不同断层角度四个因素的影响,对各因素影响下断层活化的规律进行分析。其次借助FLAC3D模拟软件,对不同断层角度、正/逆断层、上/下盘开采、工作面采动步距四个因素综合作用下断层活化规律进行模拟。数值模拟结果显示断层角度、正/逆断层对断层赋存稳定性有显著影响,断层角度越大,断层活化危险性越高,正断层稳定性小于逆断层;上盘开采对断层稳定性的破坏更大,下盘开采时岩层变形更大;工作面距离断层越近,断层活化危险性越大,断层稳定性越低,工作面过断层对断层稳定性的破坏非常大,应避免断层附近的工作面开采;高角度正断层上盘开采对断层的破坏最大,断层滑移危险性也最大;断层角度对断层活化危险性的影响最大,工作面布置方式次之,正逆断层的影响最小。
[Abstract]:The distribution of original ground stress causes discontinuity and complexity due to the existence of faults. When the mining face advances to the vicinity of the fault, the leading supporting pressure of the working face also appears obvious discontinuity due to the existence of the fault. The results show that it is the discontinuous state of stress that leads to the accumulation of stress and energy near the fault, and when the fault is activated, a large amount of energy is released in an instant, which causes the slip failure of the fault. Heavy causes the whole roof unbalance to collapse to produce the roof to fall the accident. The difference of fault angle also affects the stress distribution and fault stability near the fault, and the disturbance of stress distribution in the upper / lower face mining is different, and the difference of the stress distribution and the response to the mining movement are also different. The degree of influence varies from factor to factor. At first, the paper summarizes the common factors which may affect the law of fault activation, and analyzes the influence of four factors, such as mining movement, difference of positive / reverse fault, different mining of upper / lower face, different fault angle, etc. The law of fault activation under the influence of various factors is analyzed. Secondly, with the help of FLAC3D simulation software, this paper simulates the law of fault activation under the combined action of four factors: different fault angle, normal / reverse fault, upper / lower plate mining, and working face mining step distance. The numerical simulation results show that the normal / reverse fault has a significant effect on the fault occurrence stability. The greater the fault angle, the higher the risk of fault activation, and the lower the normal fault stability is than the reverse fault. The closer the face is to the fault, the greater the risk of fault activation is, the lower the fault stability is, the greater the damage to the fault stability is when the face passes through the fault, and the mining face near the fault should be avoided. Mining of upper face of high angle normal fault has the greatest damage to fault and fault slip risk is also the biggest, fault angle has the greatest influence on fault activation risk, working face layout is the second, and positive thrust fault is the least.
【学位授予单位】：山东科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD32;TD163.1

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