矿用液压吊装机吊臂结构力学分析及优化

发布时间：2018-05-05 08:59

本文选题：矿用液压吊装机 + 吊臂　；参考：《安徽理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国采煤技术迅猛发展和机械化采掘程度飞速提高,已经大大缩短了综采工作面连续作业时间。那么,煤矿面临一个紧急而重要的问题,那就是尽快提高采区工作连续率,并且有效降低采区设备搬运时间。针对传统方法存在效率低下、安全隐患多、工人劳动强度大等问题,国内相关企业研发了一种煤矿井下移动式起吊设备,它不仅能保证工作人员的安全,而且可以提高工效。本论文以某公司研发的伸缩臂式矿用液压吊装机为研究对象。首先,进行吊臂结构分析,介绍吊臂的结构和工作原理,分析吊臂受力情况,建立有限元模型,进行有限元软件分析,最后获得吊臂相应的应力、位移和安全系数云图,得到最大应力值是298Mpa,安全系数是2.78,验证了吊臂工作的安全可靠性；吊臂属于变幅机构中的重要部件,基于等效元素法思想,列出运动微分方程,采用Matlab软件进行方程求解计算,得到系统的动力响应曲线,为后续的矿用液压吊装机多刚体动力学仿真分析奠定了良好的基础。针对矿用液压吊装机变幅机构工作时,变幅油缸液压力偏大的问题,分析主要原因是由于吊臂起升而引起冲击振动以及重要铰点分布位置不合理。利用ADAMS软件建立矿用液压吊装机变幅机构模型,进行动力学仿真,获得了液压缸驱动函数和液压缸液压力最大值为6.4909×105N,起升速度曲线变化范围是0.745°/s到0.755°/s之间。为了降低变幅液压缸液压力的值,建立变幅机构三铰点数学模型,通过优化设计三铰点位置,获得三铰点最优化位置,此时液压缸液压力达到最小值6.0359×105N,远小于所选液压缸的额定液压力6.4×105N,这保证液压缸的使用安全性。解决了由于吊臂三铰点位置不合理而引起变幅液压缸液压力偏大的问题,为矿用液压吊装机的结构改进提供合理有效的理论依据。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of coal mining technology and the rapid improvement of mechanized mining in China, the continuous working time of fully mechanized mining face has been greatly shortened. Therefore, the coal mine is faced with an urgent and important problem, that is, to improve the working continuity rate of mining area as soon as possible, and to effectively reduce the handling time of equipment in mining area. Aiming at the problems of low efficiency, high safety hidden danger and heavy labor intensity in traditional methods, domestic enterprises have developed a kind of mobile lifting equipment in coal mine, which can not only guarantee the safety of workers, but also improve the working efficiency. This paper takes the telescopic arm hydraulic hoisting machine developed by a company as the research object. Firstly, the structure of the boom is analyzed, the structure and working principle of the boom are introduced, the stress of the boom is analyzed, the finite element model is established, the finite element software analysis is carried out, and the corresponding stress, displacement and safety factor cloud diagram of the boom are obtained. The maximum stress value is 298 Mpaand the safety factor is 2.78, which verifies the safety reliability of the boom, and the boom belongs to the important part of the luffing mechanism. Based on the idea of equivalent element method, the differential equation of motion is listed, and the equation is solved by Matlab software. The dynamic response curve of the system is obtained, which lays a good foundation for the subsequent multi-rigid body dynamics simulation analysis of mine hydraulic hoisting machine. In view of the problem that the hydraulic force of the luffing cylinder of the hydraulic hoisting machine is on the high side, the main reasons are the shock vibration caused by the lifting of the boom and the unreasonable distribution of the important hinge point. The ADAMS software is used to set up the amplitude change mechanism model of mine hydraulic hoisting machine. The dynamic simulation results show that the driving function of hydraulic cylinder and the maximum hydraulic force of hydraulic cylinder are 6.4909 脳 10 ~ 5N, and the rising speed curve varies from 0.745 掳/ s to 0.755 掳/ s. In order to reduce the hydraulic pressure of the variable amplitude hydraulic cylinder, the mathematical model of the three hinge point of the luffing mechanism is established, and the optimum position of the three hinge point is obtained by optimizing the position of the three hinge point. At this point, the hydraulic force of the cylinder reaches the minimum value of 6.0359 脳 105 N, which is far less than the rated hydraulic force of the selected cylinder of 6.4 脳 10 5 N, which ensures the safety of the hydraulic cylinder. This paper solves the problem that the hydraulic force of the variable amplitude hydraulic cylinder is too large due to the unreasonable position of the three hinges of the boom, and provides a reasonable and effective theoretical basis for the structural improvement of the hydraulic hoisting machine used in mines.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD401

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