长坡选矿厂锌浮选尾矿综合回收研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 11:38

本文选题：锡石-多金属硫化矿石 + 硫砷分离　；参考：《广西大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：广西大厂的锡石-多金属硫化矿石属于典型的复杂难选硫化矿,大厂锡石多金属矿的尾矿含有锡、铅、锌、锑以及硫、砷等有价元素,目前尾矿中的大部分元素都没有回收,造成了资源浪费,同时导致污染隐患。因此综合回收尾矿中的有价元素,具有经济价值和社会效益,对大厂的可持续发展具有重要的意义。为了充分回收利用资源,对长坡选矿厂锌浮选尾矿进行合理的工艺流程设计并对尾矿进行试验研究。通过分离试验使锡精矿品位达49.4%,回收率48.19%；硫精矿品位达到46.46%,回收率达到84.68%。完成了小型试验研究及硫砷分离工业试验。应用腐殖酸钠与双氧水组合降低硫精矿中的砷含量的工业试验。在长坡选矿厂硫砷系统日处理200吨的规模下,经过前期调试,连续运转16个班次的结果表明,采用新工艺能够有效的降低硫精矿中的砷含量,提高硫精矿产品的价值。试验结果如下：1)大厂锡石多金属硫化矿锌浮选尾矿是一个含Sn 0.38%、 As2.03%、S 27.78%的尾矿,其脉石矿物主要是Si02,其次是Fe和CaO。具有回收价值的矿物是黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿、毒砂、砷黄铁矿和锡石,其中含硫、砷矿物粒度较粗,而锡石大部分存在于细粒物料中。2)通过药剂对砷矿物抑制效果的研究对比表明,对砷矿物抑制较好的有腐殖酸钠、GZT、双氧水、高锰酸钾,但是硫精矿中砷含量都超过1%；次氯酸钙对砷矿物有一定的抑制效果；对砷矿物无抑制效果的主要为硫酸铁、硫酸亚铁等。使用双氧水与混合腐殖酸钠药剂组合对砷矿物的抑制效果比单用一种药剂抑制效果更加明显,当药剂用量增加到900g/t时,硫精矿中砷的含量降到1%以下。3)通过采用重-浮-重流程,即采用锡石与部分硫化矿进行同时回收得锡石毛精矿,毛精矿再进行硫化矿浮选,浮选尾矿得锡石精矿,可品位为49.4%的锡精矿,锡的总回收率达到48.19%。4)无捕收剂作用时,在酸性次氯酸钠溶液、高锰酸钾溶液和重铬酸钾溶液中黄铁矿更容易氧化；碱性的三种氧化剂溶液都抑制了毒砂的氧化；酸性的高锰酸钾和重铬酸钾抑制了毒砂的氧化,而酸性的次氯酸钠促进了毒砂的氧化。黄药存在的条件下,随着四种氧化剂浓度的增加,黄铁矿电极的峰面积都大幅度下降,说明生成的双黄药受到抑制。5)通过连续运行十六个班的工业试验情况表明,在不改变现场其它药剂的情况下,采用腐殖酸钠与双氧水组合抑制砷矿物,砷矿物能够被很好地抑制,在原矿硫品位为28.26%,含砷2.05%的条件下,获得了品位为46.46%,含砷为0.88%,回收率为84.68%的硫精矿。
[Abstract]:The cassiterite-polymetallic sulphide ore in Dachang, Guangxi, is a typical complex refractory sulphide ore. The tailings of the Dachang cassiterite polymetallic ore contain valuable elements such as tin, lead, zinc, antimony, sulfur and arsenic. At present, most of the elements in the tailings have not been recovered. Causes the waste of resources, at the same time causes the pollution hidden danger. Therefore, comprehensive recovery of valuable elements in tailings has economic and social benefits, which is of great significance to the sustainable development of large factories. In order to fully recover and utilize resources, the reasonable technological process design of zinc flotation tailings in Changpo Concentrator was carried out and the tailings were tested and studied. Through the separation test, the grade of tin concentrate is 49.4 and the recovery rate is 48.19.The grade of sulfur concentrate reaches 46.46 and the recovery rate reaches 84.68. Small scale test and industrial test of sulfur and arsenic separation have been completed. Industrial experiment of reducing arsenic content in sulfur concentrate by combination of humic acid sodium and hydrogen peroxide. Under the scale of 200 tons of sulfur and arsenic treatment per day in Changpo Concentrator, the results show that the new process can effectively reduce the arsenic content in sulfur concentrate and improve the value of sulfur concentrate product. The results are as follows: (1) the tailings of Dachang cassiterite polymetallic sulphide ore zinc flotation is a tailings containing Sn 0.38, as 2.03 and S 27.78%. The gangue minerals are mainly Si02, followed by Fe and Cao. The minerals of recoverable value are pyrite, pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite, arsenopyrite and cassiterite, of which sulfur and coarse size of arsenic minerals, However, cassiterite mostly exists in fine grain. 2) by comparing the inhibition effect of the medicament on arsenic mineral, the results show that the better inhibition to arsenic mineral is sodium humic acid GZT, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, etc. Calcium hypochlorite has a certain inhibitory effect on arsenic minerals, and ferric sulfate and ferrous sulfate have no inhibitory effect on arsenic minerals. The inhibitory effect of the combination of hydrogen peroxide and mixed humic acid sodium on arsenic minerals is more obvious than that of one agent alone. When the dosage of the reagent is increased to 900g/t, The content of arsenic in sulfur concentrate is reduced to less than 1%. 3) cassiterite concentrate is recovered from cassiterite and partial sulphide ore simultaneously by heavy floating-heavy flow, which is then floated by sulphide ore flotation, and cassiterite concentrate is obtained by flotation tailings. When the total recovery rate of tin is 48.19.4%, the pyrite can be oxidized more easily in acidic sodium hypochlorite solution, potassium permanganate solution and potassium dichromate solution when the total recovery rate of tin reaches 48.19.4) without the action of collector, pyrite can be oxidized more easily in acidic sodium hypochlorite solution, potassium permanganate solution and potassium dichromate solution. The oxidation of arsenopyrite was inhibited by alkaline three oxidant solutions, the oxidation of arsenopyrite was inhibited by acidic potassium permanganate and potassium dichromate, and the oxidation of arsenopyrite was promoted by acidic sodium hypochlorite. In the presence of xanthate, the peak area of pyrite electrode decreased significantly with the increase of the concentration of four oxidants, indicating that the produced double xanthate was inhibited. Without changing other chemicals in the field, the arsenic mineral can be inhibited by the combination of humic acid sodium and hydrogen peroxide, and the arsenic mineral can be well inhibited. Under the condition that the sulfur grade of the original ore is 28.26 and the arsenic content is 2.05%, A sulfur concentrate with a grade of 46.46, a arsenic content of 0.88 and a recovery of 84.68% was obtained.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD952

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