Binder弛张筛动态特性研究及及关键结构优化

发布时间：2018-05-07 18:36

本文选题：弛张筛 + 动态特性　；参考：《安徽理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：弛张筛是从传统的圆振动筛发展而来的一种新型筛分机械。筛网由可伸缩的聚氨酯橡胶材料制成,在工作时,筛网交替地拉紧和松弛,使物料产生前进弹跳运动,可避免物料黏附筛网并堵塞筛孔。同时,由于采用了挠性筛板,使抛射加速度达到重力加速度的30-50倍,筛板最大振幅可达40mm,因此筛孔不易堵塞,筛分效率高,处理量大,动负荷小,功耗少,噪声低。论文总结了弛张筛的研究现状,并对弛张筛的结构与工作原理进行概述。以数值模拟以及多维振动理论为基础,以弛张筛动静梁与筛面运动为对象,利用有限元仿真软件ANSYS Workbench与Matlab动态仿真模块Simulink,对弛张筛动静梁的运动和筛网上的单颗粒运动进行仿真计算,并对其速度、加速度和运行位置进行分析。论文具体研究成果如下：基于弛张筛的工作原理建立了弛张筛简化模型,并在ANSYS Workbench进行了动力学分析,绘制出方形块及横梁的运动曲线。对X与Z方向的曲线进行分析,找出其基本规律,以便建立弛张筛动力学数学模型,并与其进行对比,验证数学模型的可靠性。在混联振动模型的基础上建立弛张筛振动模型,并将其分解为X与Y方向的振动模型进行求解,建立数学模型。代入有限元简化模型的参数进行数值仿真,得出运动曲线与有限元仿真结果进行对比,验证振动模型与数学模型的可靠性。针对Binder弛张筛进行仿真,将真实数据代入振动模型中,以其标准振幅参数对橡胶弹簧的参数进行设计,并得到弛张筛运行轨迹。分别减少与增加小橡胶块的数量,代入弛张筛中对其运动曲线进行分析,得到弛张筛振幅调整的机理。对筛网进行动力学研究,将计算所得的动梁与静梁运动轨迹加载在筛网有限元模型中,进行瞬态动力学仿真并观察得到筛面运动时的速度、加速度等参数变化。将动梁与静梁的运动轨迹在20°方向进行分解,并对筛面水平运动时的应变变化情况进行研究,得到变化规律。对单颗粒在筛面上的运动进行分析,得到颗粒对筛面冲击力的大小范围,并得到颗粒的运动轨迹、速度变化以及运动时的角度变化,对颗粒的运动方式与基本运动的规律进行了总结。使用ANSYS Workbench中的优化设计模块对五边形的具体尺寸进行优化,并得出其在定载荷下的最优参数。在得到的五边形截面基础上,对螺栓孔的位置与应变的关系进行分析,确定其与方形块之间的距离,进一步减小动梁固定板应变的大小。对完成截面优化与螺栓孔位置的固定板进行形状拓扑优化,去除多余部分,以实现动梁固定板的最优化结构。并对优化完成的固定板进行模态分析,以求得其固有频率以及结构易破坏部分。使用因果轴分析寻找弛张筛优化设计所面临的问题,并根据因果轴分析所得的结论进行矛盾分析,得到设计解决的方向,并得出具体实施方案。将分析所得的解决方案进行整合,并与当前的产品进行比较,验证其实际使用效果。
[Abstract]:The screen is a new type of screening machine developed from the traditional circular vibrating screen. The screen is made of flexible polyurethane rubber material. At work, the screen is stretched and relaxed alternately, making the material move forward and jumping, and the material can avoid the sieve mesh and plug the sieve. At the same time, the flexible sieve plate is used to make the ejection acceleration. 30-50 times of the gravitational acceleration, the maximum amplitude of the sieve plate can reach 40mm, so the sieve hole is not easy to block, the screening efficiency is high, the amount of treatment is large, the dynamic load is small, the power consumption is low, and the noise is low. The paper summarizes the research status of the relaxation screen and describes the structure and working principle of the relaxation sieve. The motion of the screen moving and static beam and the screen surface are taken as the object. The finite element simulation software ANSYS Workbench and the Matlab dynamic simulation module Simulink are used to simulate the motion of the moving and static beam and the single particle motion on the screen, and the velocity, acceleration and operation position of the screen are analyzed. The concrete research results are as follows: Based on the relaxation screen The working principle has established the simplified model of FLAsia screen, and the dynamic analysis of the ANSYS Workbench is carried out, the motion curves of the square block and the beam are drawn. The curves of the X and the Z direction are analyzed to find out the basic rules, so as to establish the dynamic mathematical model of the FLAsia screen, and compare it with it to verify the reliability of the mathematical model. On the basis of the dynamic model, the vibration model of the FLAsia screen is established and decomposed into a vibration model of X and Y direction. A mathematical model is set up. The numerical simulation of the parameters of the simplified finite element model is carried out. The comparison of the motion curves with the finite element simulation results is made to verify the reliability of the vibration model and the mathematical model. The Binder relaxation is verified. The screen is simulated, the real data is replaced in the vibration model, the parameters of the rubber spring are designed with its standard amplitude parameters, and the running track of the FLAsia screen is obtained. The number of small rubber blocks is reduced and increased, and the motion curves of the FLAsia screen are analyzed in the relaxation screen. The mechanism of the adjustment of the amplitude of the FLAsia screen is obtained. The dynamics of the screen mesh is carried out. The motion trajectory of the calculated moving beam and static beam is loaded in the finite element model of the screen mesh. The transient dynamic simulation is carried out and the parameters of the velocity and acceleration are observed. The moving track of the moving beam and the static beam is decomposed in the direction of 20 degrees, and the change of the strain in the horizontal motion of the screen is studied. The motion of the single particle on the screen is analyzed. The size range of the particle impact force on the sieve surface is obtained. The motion trajectory of the particles, the change of the velocity and the change of the movement angle are obtained. The movement mode of the particles and the law of the basic motion are summed up. The optimization design module in ANSYS Workbench is used. The specific size of the Pentagon is optimized and its optimum parameters are obtained under the fixed load. On the basis of the Pentagon section, the relationship between the position of the bolt hole and the strain is analyzed to determine the distance between the bolt and the square block to further reduce the size of the strain of the fixed plate of the moving beam. The fixed plate is topologically optimized to remove the excess part to realize the optimal structure of the fixed plate of the movable beam. The modal analysis of the fixed plate is carried out to obtain the natural frequency and the easy destruction part of the structure. The problems facing the optimization design of the FLAsia screen are found by using the causality axis analysis, and the knot is based on the causal axis analysis. Discuss the contradiction analysis, get the direction of the design solution, and get the concrete implementation plan, integrate the analysis solution and compare with the current product to verify its actual use effect.

【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD452;TQ336.5

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