对矸石做沿空留巷旁充填体时的围岩稳定性的研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 03:14

本文选题：环境保护 + 矸石充填　；参考：《太原理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于当下环境问题日益突出，经济的不可持续发展为环境付出的代价也越来越大，环境保护越来越受到国家和人民的重视。本文从环境保护的大角度出发，建议将矸石回填采空区，不仅能解决矸石山堆放引起的一系列环境经济安全问题，还能维护采空区稳定性，使得地表沉陷得以缓解，地下水损失大幅降低，保障井下作业人员及设备的安全，而且可以在矸石充填置换下，将“三下”煤采出，产生巨大的经济效益。矸石回填采空区有多种形式，由于沿空留巷可大幅度提高煤炭回收率、降低回采巷道掘进率、缓解采掘紧张关系、实现Y型通风解决上隅角瓦斯集聚问题等优点[1-2]，因此本文重点探索将煤矸石回填做沿空留巷巷旁充填材料，这样不仅起到了减少矸石、保护环境的目的，也可汲取沿空留巷的众多优点，兼顾环境、经济和社会效益。沿空留巷的成功需要巷内支护和巷旁支护相互协调，大结构与小结构的相互配合，充填体变形与煤帮和顶板变形相适应。矸石由于就地取材，被用作巷旁充填材料由来已久，但是由于矸石带受载后压缩量大，没有足够的切顶阻力不能及时有效切断顶板，运输消耗大量的人力物力，不能及时承载且护巷效果差等缺点一直得不到有效解决，，所以矸石充填体逐渐被淘汰。随着环境问题的日益突出和煤炭资源濒临枯竭，矸石回填再一次引起了人们研究的必要，但是如何提高矸石承载力是解决矸石能否成功护巷的关键，本文利用理论分析、相似模拟、实验室实验、数值模拟、实地矿压观测等方式重点探索了在山西天一煤矿3102工作面矸石做沿空留巷巷旁充填体时锚杆倾角，矸石装袋量，矸石袋堆砌方式和矸石充填体宽高比对留巷稳定性的影响，提出了提高矸石承载力的合理组合设计并检验了其承载效果，为保护环境实现矸石回填提供了可参考的技术路线。
[Abstract]:Due to the increasingly prominent environmental problems, the unsustainable development of the economy is paying more and more attention to the environment, and environmental protection has been paid more and more attention by the country and the people. In this paper, from the point of view of environmental protection, it is suggested that the backfilling of gangue can not only solve a series of environmental and economic safety problems caused by the dumping of gangue mountains, but also maintain the stability of the goaf, so that the surface subsidence can be alleviated. The loss of underground water is greatly reduced to ensure the safety of underground workers and equipment, and the "three bottom" coal can be extracted under the replacement of gangue filling, which has great economic benefits. There are many forms of gangue backfilling goaf, because the coal recovery rate can be greatly increased, the tunneling rate of mining roadway can be reduced, and the tension of mining can be alleviated because the roadway along the gob can be greatly increased. Realizing the advantage of Y type ventilation to solve the problem of gas accumulation in upper corner [1-2], so this paper focuses on exploring the backfilling of coal gangue as filling material beside roadway along the gob, which not only has the purpose of reducing gangue and protecting the environment, but also protecting the environment. Can also learn from the many advantages along the gob, taking into account the environment, economic and social benefits. The success of retaining roadway along the gob requires the coordination of the support in the roadway and the support beside the roadway, the mutual cooperation between the large structure and the small structure, and the deformation of the filling body adapted to the deformation of the coal side and the roof. Gangue has been used as filling material by roadway for a long time, but because of the large compression of gangue belt after loading, the roof can not be cut off in time and effectively without enough roof cutting resistance, and transportation consumes a lot of manpower and material resources. The defects such as not carrying in time and poor effect of protecting roadway can not be solved effectively, so gangue filling body is gradually eliminated. With the increasingly prominent environmental problems and the imminent depletion of coal resources, it is necessary for people to study the backfilling of gangue again. However, how to improve the bearing capacity of gangue is the key to solve the problem whether gangue can successfully protect roadways. Similar simulation, laboratory experiment, numerical simulation, field pressure observation and so on, the emphasis is to explore the angle of bolt inclination and the amount of waste bagging when the gangue of 3102 face in Tianyi Coal Mine, Shanxi Province, is used to fill the side of roadway along the goaf. This paper puts forward a reasonable combination design to improve the bearing capacity of gangue and tests its bearing effect, which provides a reference technical route for realizing the backfill of gangue for protecting the environment by the influence of the stacking mode of gangue bag and the ratio of width to height of gangue backfill on the stability of roadway.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD353

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