安徽省废弃矿区土地适宜性及其生态系统服务功能多情景模拟

发布时间：2018-05-10 11:53

本文选题：废弃矿区 + 土地复垦　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：安徽省作为我国主要矿产资源型地区之一,受到矿产资源过度开发等影响,其矿区土地生态环境正不断恶化,形成遍布广泛的废弃矿区土地。废弃矿区土地闲置不仅浪费了宝贵的土地资源,更严重制约着经济和社会的全面发展。因此,进行废弃矿区土地复垦具有重要的现实意义。目前关于如何科学评价矿区土地质量、合理选择土地复垦方式的研究中,多采用土地适宜性评价方法。即以定性、动态的分析视角,对研究区域土地类型、数量和质量等进行系统的、综合的分析评价,进而确定待复垦土地主要适宜类型。但此方法不能定量比较多种适宜用途下的土地生态价值,给复垦方案制定带来困难。为弥补该方法的这一缺陷,本文基于土地适宜性评价理论建立了废弃矿区土地复垦的多情景模拟方法,即将废弃矿区土地复垦划分为不进行复垦、以耕地复垦为主、以耕地及林地综合方式复垦、以林地复垦为主四种情景,并以安徽省废弃矿区土地复垦为例证测算这四种不同复垦方式的生态系统服务功能价值。生态系统服务价值评价法作为衡量生态价值的重要方法,被广泛应用于测算各种生态系统价值研究。研究结果表明,这四种情景下的生态系统服务功能净效益值分别为27.61亿元、37.22亿元、37.53亿元、41.59亿元,说明废弃矿区土地复垦不同情景对应的生态系统服务功能净效益存在较大差异,复垦后土地的生态效益均优于不复垦的生态效益,且以林地为主要复垦方式获得的生态效益最佳；复垦后土地生态系统服务功能净效益值均为正,说明复垦产生的生态价值高于其投入成本。
[Abstract]:As one of the main mineral resource regions in China, Anhui Province is affected by the overexploitation of mineral resources, and the ecological environment of the mining areas is deteriorating, forming a wide range of abandoned mining land. Idle land in abandoned mining area not only wastes valuable land resources, but also restricts the overall development of economy and society. Therefore, land reclamation in abandoned mining areas has important practical significance. At present, in the research of how to scientifically evaluate the land quality in mining area and how to select the land reclamation mode reasonably, the evaluation method of land suitability is mostly used. From the perspective of qualitative and dynamic analysis, this paper makes a systematic and comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the types, quantity and quality of land in the study area, and then determines the main suitable types of land to be reclaimed. However, this method can not quantitatively compare the ecological value of land under various suitable uses, which makes it difficult to formulate reclamation schemes. In order to make up for this defect of this method, this paper establishes a multi-scenario simulation method of land reclamation in abandoned mining area based on the theory of land suitability evaluation, that is to say, land reclamation in abandoned mining area is divided into no reclamation, mainly cultivated land reclamation. The four scenarios were reclaimed in the comprehensive mode of cultivated land and forestland, and the ecosystem service value of the four different reclamation methods was calculated with the example of land reclamation in abandoned mining areas in Anhui Province. As an important method to measure ecological value, ecosystem service value evaluation method is widely used in the study of measuring ecosystem value. The results showed that the net benefit of ecosystem service function was 2.761 billion yuan, 3.722 billion yuan, 3.753 billion yuan and 4.159 billion yuan respectively under the four scenarios, which indicated that the net benefit of ecosystem service function in different scenarios of land reclamation in abandoned mining area was different. The ecological benefit of land after reclamation is better than that of non-reclamation, and the ecological benefit obtained by forest land is the best, and the net benefit of land ecosystem service function after reclamation is all positive. The ecological value of reclamation is higher than its input cost.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD88

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