地震静校正的相对时延法

发布时间：2018-05-11 03:28

本文选题：折射波 + 相对时延法　；参考：《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2017年03期

【摘要】：折射波时延法假设折射层速度横向变化不大和折射面起伏不大,且同时求取炮点和接收点的延迟时间,存在"此消彼长"的问题。针对这些问题,提出了折射波相对时延法。利用共炮点道集相邻接收点的折射波时差和共接收点道集相邻炮点的折射波时差,实现了炮点相对延时和接收点相对延时的独立求取,并利用已知控制点上的绝对延时或基准面静校正值,结合基点网平差方法,把相对延时转成绝对延时或基准面静校正量。同时,通过对相邻两道记录进行互相关确定相邻道的折射波时差,避免了低信噪比地震资料连续追踪同一折射层来拾取初至时间的困难。对理论模型合成数据和实际资料的测试表明,相对时延法克服了常用时延法的不足,对折射层速度变化和折射面起伏有较强的适应性。
[Abstract]:The time delay method of refraction wave assumes that the lateral velocity of refraction layer and the fluctuation of refraction surface are small, and the delay time of shot point and receiving point is obtained simultaneously. In order to solve these problems, the relative time delay method of refraction wave is proposed. The relative delay of the shot point and the relative delay of the receiving point are obtained independently by using the time difference of refraction wave between the adjacent receiving points of the common shot point gather and the adjacent shot point of the common receiving point gather, and the refraction wave time difference of the adjacent shot point of the common receiving point gather. The relative delay is transformed into absolute delay or datum static correction by using the absolute delay or datum static correction value on the known control point and the adjustment method of the base point network. At the same time, the time difference of refraction wave of adjacent channel is determined by cross-correlation of two adjacent records, which avoids the difficulty of picking up the first arrival time of seismic data with low signal-to-noise ratio by tracing the same refraction layer continuously. The test of synthetic data and practical data of theoretical model shows that the relative delay method overcomes the shortcomings of the conventional delay method and has a strong adaptability to the variation of refraction layer velocity and the fluctuation of refraction surface.
【作者单位】：中国海洋大学海底科学与探测技术教育部重点实验室海洋地球科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41074077,41230318) 中国海洋大学“国家级大学生创新创业训练计划”项目资助~~
【分类号】：P631.4

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