薄煤层掘进工作面气幕控尘技术研究
本文选题：薄煤层 + 掘进工作面 ； 参考：《中国矿业大学》2017年硕士论文
【摘要】：薄煤层掘进工作面作业空间狭小和施工进度快的特点,加重了粉尘聚集和粉尘浓度超限。本文以-290m掘进工作面工况条件为基础,研究了气幕控尘技术改善巷道粉尘浓度超标问题。通过理论分析,得出粉尘向巷道后方运移的主要动力是风流的运动。掘进工作面风流包括射流区、顺流区、涡流区、逆转区,最有利的通风方式为“U”形附壁层流。利用Fluent建立气-固两相流模型,得出供风量增大到250m~3/min时,风流射流区长度和风筒出风口距迎头面的长度相近,粉尘分布区域减小。当Lf=6m时,司机位置处所受扰动风速减小,回风流携带粉尘对其影响较小。同时,截割头扰动风速的增大,也会加大粉尘向掘进机方向运移的距离,增大掘进机扒装煤岩作业的逸尘扩散范围。掘进机产尘量的增大,直接引起巷道平均粉尘浓度增大。且截割头产尘量J超过120mg/s时,掘进机司机位置和后端行人作业区的呼吸性粉尘的浓度均严重超出国家规定安全作业环境值。气幕开启后形成冲击射流,包含自由射流区、射流冲击区和附壁射流区,分析气幕出风口宽度与气幕卷吸风量的变化关系,可通过选择较小出风口宽度,提高煤层掘进工作面气幕出风口风速来实现气幕卷吸风量的要求。当出口风速Vq=7.0m/s时,掘进机司机位置处粉尘浓度较低。后端行人作业区X1整体大于后端行人作业区X2的粉尘浓度,表明粉尘高浓度区域被控制在回风侧巷帮附近,气幕控制效率最高。单独增大回风侧导流气幕风机的长度会降低掘进机司机位置和后端行人作业区的粉尘浓度。当回风侧导流气幕风机长度LFz2=3m时,掘进面气幕控制效果明显。对比气幕开启前后,掘进机司机位置处粉尘浓度下降76.92%,降为3.597mg/m~3,达到国家规定的安全作业限值。以矿井湿式除尘实验平台为基础进行试验研究得出:气幕出风口宽度、风速及倾角分别为0.02m、7m/s、10°时,气幕控尘效率最高达到82.3%,与理论分析和数值模拟结果相吻合。
[Abstract]:The characteristics of narrow working space and fast construction progress in thin coal seam driving face aggravate dust accumulation and dust concentration exceeding limit. Based on the working conditions of -290m tunneling face, this paper studies the improvement of dust concentration in roadway by air curtain control technology. Through theoretical analysis, it is concluded that the main driving force of dust moving to the rear of roadway is the movement of wind and flow. The wind flow in tunneling face includes jet zone, downstream area, eddy current area and reverse zone. The most favorable ventilation mode is "U" type wall attached laminar flow. The gas-solid two-phase flow model is established by using Fluent. When the air supply volume increases to 250m~3/min, the length of the air-flow jet zone and the length of the tuyere outlet from the head to the head are similar, and the dust distribution region decreases. When Lf=6m, the disturbance wind speed at the driver's position decreases, and the dust carried by the return air flow has little effect on it. At the same time, the increase of cutting head disturbance wind speed will also increase the distance of dust moving to the roadheader, and increase the dust diffusion range of roadheader bagging coal and rock operation. The increase of dust production of roadheader directly results in the increase of average dust concentration in roadway. When the dust yield of cutting head exceeds 120mg/s, the concentration of respiratory dust in the roadheader driver's position and in the rear pedestrian operation area is seriously higher than the value of safe working environment stipulated by the state. An impinging jet is formed after the opening of the air curtain, including the free jet zone, the jet impingement zone and the wall attached jet zone. The relationship between the air curtain outlet width and the air volume of the air curtain entrainment can be analyzed by selecting the smaller air outlet width. To improve the wind speed of air curtain outlet in coal seam driving face to meet the demand of air curtain entrainment. When the outlet wind speed is Vq=7.0m/s, the dust concentration at the driver's position of the roadheader is lower. The dust concentration of the back-end pedestrian area X1 is larger than that of the back-end pedestrian area X2, which indicates that the dust concentration area is controlled near the backwind side lane, and the air curtain control efficiency is the highest. Increasing the length of the air curtain on the backwind side alone will reduce the dust concentration in the roadheader driver's position and the back-end pedestrian operation area. When the length of air curtain is LFz2=3m, the control effect of air curtain is obvious. Compared with before and after the opening of the air curtain, the dust concentration at the driver's position of the roadheader dropped 76.92% to 3.597mg / mm3, which reached the limit of safety operation stipulated by the state. Based on the experimental platform of wet dust removal in coal mine, it is concluded that when the width of air curtain outlet, wind speed and inclination angle are 0.02 m / s / s 10 掳respectively, the maximum dust control efficiency of air curtain reaches 82.3%, which is consistent with the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD714.4
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