W矿区生态环境治理及其综合效益评价研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 04:12

本文选题：矿区生态环境 + 治理　；参考：《山东科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：煤炭作为我国的重要矿产资源,为国民经济建设以及区域经济发展做出了重要贡献。但从煤炭产业的发展来看,煤炭能源在过去几十年中存在着高强度开采,管理理念落后,设备工艺差,资源浪费严重,生态环境代价大等严重问题,尤其是煤炭行业带来的环境问题已经受到国家的广泛关注。十三五规划强调要将生态文明建设的理念具体化,规范化,操作化,对于生态矿山建设而言,不仅要推广应用绿色开采、煤炭清洁高效利用等技术,加大矿区生态环境恢复和治理力度,加强矿山环境管理水平也是推动生态文明矿山建设的重要工作。近几年来,我国矿山环境管理水平取得了较大的进步,国家和政府对矿山环境治理和恢复的投资力度不断加大,煤炭企业对环境治理和生态恢复的理念不断加深。但由于我国煤炭开采遗留的环境问题长久,矿山环境保护管理起步较晚,所以与发达国家相比,我国的矿山环境管理水平仍存在不足。从目前发展来看,我国煤炭企业更多的是侧重如何采取措施治理环境,很少有企业针对治理的效果以及带来的效益进行综合研究,所以治理后是否达到预期效果,治理方法与存在的环境问题是否符合就不得而知。本文针对目前我国矿山环境管理问题存在的不足提出了矿山环境治理和生态恢复效益评价模型。以W矿区的矿山环境治理与生态恢复为例,首先简述了 W矿区存在的生态环境问题及其采取的治理措施;然后在矿山环境治理理论、效益评价理论的基础上选取评价指标,建立评价体系,并应用聚类-灰色关联分析法,借助SPSS对初选指标进行筛选;再针对矿山环境治理和生态环境恢复效益指标的特点,应用改进的层次分析法确定各指标的权重;分析各种评价方法的特点和适用性,选取适宜本文评价指标体系的灰色系统评价方法;最后应用搜集到的W矿区治理后的数据验证这一效益评价方法,对评价结果分析,发现矿山环境治理方面的优势和不足。结果表明:对评价结果进行分析可以得出矿区企业再进行生态环境治理方面的优势和不足,运用该效益评价模型能够较准确的反映生态环境治理情况,可以为企业进一步完善治理项目提供建议和措施,为进一步进行决策提供支持。
[Abstract]:As an important mineral resource in China, coal has made important contributions to national economic construction and regional economic development. However, from the development of the coal industry, coal energy has some serious problems in the past few decades, such as high intensity mining, backward management concept, poor equipment and technology, serious waste of resources, high cost of ecological environment, etc. In particular, the coal industry has brought environmental problems have been widely concerned by the country. The 13th Five-Year Plan emphasizes that the concept of ecological civilization construction should be concretized, standardized and operationalized. For the construction of ecological mines, it is necessary not only to promote the application of technologies such as green mining, clean and efficient use of coal, and so on. It is also an important work to promote the construction of ecological civilization mine by strengthening the restoration and treatment of ecological environment in mining area and strengthening the level of mine environment management. In recent years, great progress has been made in the level of mine environmental management in our country. The investment of the state and government in mine environmental treatment and restoration has been increasing, and the concept of environmental treatment and ecological restoration has been deepened in coal enterprises. However, because of the long environmental problems left by coal mining in China and the late start of mine environmental protection management, compared with the developed countries, the level of mine environmental management in our country is still insufficient. From the current development point of view, the coal enterprises in our country are more focused on how to take measures to control the environment. Few enterprises conduct comprehensive research on the effects of governance and the benefits brought about, so whether or not to achieve the expected results after governance. Whether the method of governance and the existence of environmental problems are in line with it is not known. In this paper, an evaluation model of mine environmental management and ecological restoration benefit is put forward in view of the shortcomings of mine environmental management in China. Taking the mine environment treatment and ecological restoration in W mining area as an example, this paper briefly introduces the ecological environment problems in W mining area and the measures to be taken, and then selects the evaluation index based on the theory of mine environment treatment and the theory of benefit evaluation. The evaluation system was established, and the primary indexes were screened with the help of SPSS, and then the weight of each index was determined by the improved analytic hierarchy process (AHP) according to the characteristics of the benefit index of mine environment treatment and ecological environment restoration. This paper analyzes the characteristics and applicability of various evaluation methods, selects the grey system evaluation method suitable for the evaluation index system of this paper, and finally applies the collected data after the control of W mining area to verify the benefit evaluation method, and analyzes the evaluation results. The advantages and disadvantages of mine environmental control are found. The results show that the advantages and disadvantages of ecological environment management in mining area enterprises can be obtained by analyzing the evaluation results. The evaluation model can accurately reflect the situation of ecological environment management. Can provide suggestions and measures for the further improvement of corporate governance projects, and provide support for further decision-making.
【学位授予单位】：山东科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X322;TD167

【参考文献】