基于RS和GIS的矿山环境综合评价系统研究与实现

发布时间：2018-05-16 19:33

本文选题：矿山环境评价 + ArcGIS　；参考：《中国矿业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：矿业是一个国家国民经济的基础,矿产资源的开发为国家经济建设做出了重要贡献,但同时也诱发了大量的矿山地质环境问题,譬如采空区塌陷、地面沉降等,这些地质环境问题不仅制约着经济发展,更威胁着人类的生存环境。进行矿山地质环境调查,采用科学的方法对矿山的地质环境质量进行评定,进而采取有效措施对地质环境加以监测、治理,是可持续发展的必由之路。然而矿山环境的演化是非常复杂的,矿山环境是一个在时间和空间上不断变化的复合开放系统,使得矿山环境评价变得复杂、困难而且富有争议。但遥感技术的出现和不断发展,让我们可以对矿产开采引起的各种环境问题进行实时监测,另外地理信息系统技术的广泛应用,同样对矿山的清洁开采和可持续发展提供了有效的辅助决策支持。本文收集了矿区遥感卫星数据、地面常规环境监测数据以及各种采矿、地质勘探、社会经济等资料,探究了多种评价模型和方法,构建了陕西省神府矿区矿山地质环境评价体系,在Visual Studio2010中利用面向对象语言C#采用Client/Server(C/S)结构开发了矿区地质环境评价系统,系统主要包括基本GIS功能模块、遥感图像处理模块和矿山地质环境评价模块。GIS功能模块包括基本地图显示,文件管理、空间查询、属性查询等功能。遥感图像处理模块主要基于Interface Date Language(IDL)二次开发,实现了遥感图像处理功能。评价模块包括矿山地质环境评价模型和方法。本系统的建立有助于为矿山相关人员治理矿山环境提供决策支持,并不断推进矿山环境评价系统的科学性和完整性。
[Abstract]:Mining is the foundation of a country's national economy. The exploitation of mineral resources has made an important contribution to the national economic construction, but at the same time, it has also induced a large number of mine geological environmental problems, such as the collapse of goaf, the subsidence of the land, and so on. These geological environmental problems not only restrict economic development, but also threaten human survival environment. It is the only way for sustainable development to investigate the geological environment of mines, evaluate the quality of geological environment of mines by scientific methods, and then take effective measures to monitor and control the geological environment. However, the evolution of mine environment is very complicated. The mine environment is a complex open system which is constantly changing in time and space, which makes the evaluation of mine environment complex, difficult and controversial. However, with the emergence and continuous development of remote sensing technology, we can monitor all kinds of environmental problems caused by mineral exploitation in real time, and the wide application of GIS technology. It also provides effective decision support for clean mining and sustainable development of mines. In this paper, the remote sensing satellite data of mining area, ground routine environment monitoring data and various mining, geological exploration, social and economic data are collected, and various evaluation models and methods are explored. The mine geological environment evaluation system of Shenfu mining area in Shaanxi province is constructed. The geological environment evaluation system of mining area is developed by using client / Server C / S structure in Visual Studio2010, which mainly includes basic GIS function module. The remote sensing image processing module and the mine geological environment evaluation module. The GIS function module includes the basic map display, the file management, the space inquiry, the attribute inquiry and so on. The module of remote sensing image processing is based on Interface Date language / IDL, and realizes the function of remote sensing image processing. The evaluation module includes mine geological environment evaluation model and method. The establishment of this system is helpful to provide decision support for mine related personnel to manage mine environment and to continuously promote the scientificity and integrality of mine environment evaluation system.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X82;TD167

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