柴达尔煤矿急倾斜厚煤层回采巷道支护技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 20:41

本文选题：急倾斜厚煤层 + 巷道支护　；参考：《山东科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：相较于水平及缓倾斜煤层,急倾斜厚煤层的赋存及开采条件更复杂,巷道支护技术是急斜特厚煤层安全高效开采亟需研究的重要课题之一。针对柴达尔煤矿特殊的地质条件和回采巷道变形特征,采用地质勘探、理论分析、力学分析、相似材料模拟试验、数值模拟和现场监测相结合的方法,主要研究了柴达尔煤矿204采区分段工作面回采巷道变形规律和支护技术,得到以下结论和认识:(1)根据急倾斜厚煤层开采研究现状,结合柴达尔煤矿急倾斜厚煤层特点,总结了急倾斜厚煤层分段工作面回采巷道围岩稳定性影响因素,分析了急倾斜厚煤层回采巷道围岩失稳过程。运用“跨层拱”力学模型,计算了在煤层倾角一定的情况下,回采巷道所受叠加应力分别与采深和拱跨的关系,发现“跨层拱”拱跨越长、采深越大叠加应力就越大。(2)运用相似材料模拟试验的方法,首先研究了首分段和第五分段工作面回采巷道随工作面推进的应力演化规律,回采巷道围岩的应力随着首分段工作面开采先增加后减小,回采巷道中运输巷顶板受到的应力较大,回风巷左帮所受应力较大;研究了急倾斜厚煤层分段工作面顶底板的垮落特征及顶煤的运移规律,顶板垮落有一定的周期性和滞后性,下分段的开采会引起已采分段形成的垮落煤岩体的滑落,形成一个陷落的“漏斗”;研究了第五分段巷道围岩随工作面开采的受力特征,发现回采巷道受到的应力整体比首分段巷道围岩高。(3)运用数值模拟的方法,分析了工作面围岩应力随分段工作面开采深度的增加的变化特征,研究了不同方案下第五分段工作面回采巷道围岩应力和位移随工作面推进的动态变化规律。研究发现:下分段回采巷道围岩受本身和上分段回采影响产生应力叠加,巷道围岩应力随着工作面的推进先增加后减小;回采巷道水平和垂直应力比较突出,巷道顶部、内侧帮部和角部是顶板侧巷道应力集中的重点区域;回采巷道中顶板运输巷围岩变形量大于底板回风巷。(4)运用工程实践的方法对数值模拟得出的优选方案进行验证,确定了相关支护参数,有效控制了围岩变形,取得了良好的应用效果。研究结果对于指导急倾斜厚煤层分段工作面回采巷道支护技术的研究具有一定意义。
[Abstract]:Compared with horizontal and gently inclined coal seams, the occurrence and mining conditions of steeply inclined thick coal seams are more complicated. Roadway support technology is one of the most important issues that need to be studied in the safe and efficient mining of steep and super-thick coal seams. In view of the special geological conditions and the deformation characteristics of mining roadway in Qaidar Coal Mine, the methods of combining geological exploration, theoretical analysis, mechanical analysis, similar material simulation test, numerical simulation and on-site monitoring are adopted. This paper mainly studies the deformation law and support technology of roadway in Chaidar coal mine area 204 mining area, and obtains the following conclusions and cognition) according to the present situation of mining research on steeply inclined thick coal seam, combined with the characteristics of steeply inclined thick coal seam in Chaidar coal mine, This paper summarizes the influence factors of surrounding rock stability of mining roadway in steeply inclined thick coal seam and analyzes the instability process of mining roadway surrounding rock in steeply inclined thick coal seam. By using the mechanical model of "cross layer arch", the relationship between the superimposed stress of mining roadway and the depth of mining and arch span is calculated under the condition of certain seam inclination angle, and the span length of "cross layer arch" arch is found. The larger the mining depth, the greater the superposition stress. (2) by using the method of similar material simulation test, the stress evolution law of the mining roadway in the first section and the fifth section with the advance of the working face is studied. The stress of surrounding rock of mining roadway increases first and then decreases with the mining of the first section of the face. The stress of the roof of the transport roadway in the mining roadway is greater than that of the left side of the return air roadway. This paper studies the caving characteristics of roof and floor in steeply inclined thick coal seam and the migration law of top coal. The roof caving has certain periodicity and hysteresis, and the mining of the next section will cause the caving rock mass to fall. Forming a "funnel" of caving, studying the mechanical characteristics of surrounding rock in the fifth section roadway with the mining face, finding that the stress in the mining roadway is higher than that in the surrounding rock of the first section roadway, and using the method of numerical simulation. The variation characteristics of surrounding rock stress with the increase of mining depth in working face are analyzed, and the dynamic variation law of surrounding rock stress and displacement of roadway in the fifth section face with the advance of working face is studied under different schemes. It is found that the surrounding rock of the next sublevel mining roadway is superimposed by itself and the upper section of the roadway, the surrounding rock stress of the roadway increases first and then decreases with the advance of the working face, the horizontal and vertical stresses of the mining roadway are prominent, and the top of the roadway, The inner side and corner are the key areas of stress concentration in roof side roadway, and the surrounding rock deformation of roof transport roadway in mining roadway is larger than that of bottom slab return air tunnel. 4) the optimal selection scheme obtained by numerical simulation is verified by engineering practice. The parameters of supporting are determined, and the deformation of surrounding rock is effectively controlled, and good application effect is obtained. The research results have certain significance for guiding the research of mining roadway support technology in steeply inclined thick coal seam.
【学位授予单位】：山东科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD353

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