城郊矿深部软岩复合顶板煤巷“帮顶同治”支护原理及应用

发布时间：2018-05-19 02:26

本文选题：深部软岩 + 复合顶板　；参考：《中国矿业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：城郊矿二水平开采目前已进入全面展开的阶段,开采深度增大,导致地压也随之增大,地质条件恶化,以往浅部的支护形式已无法满足矿井深部围岩的支护要求。特别是对于深部高应力软岩复合顶板煤巷,支护效果差、维护极为困难等问题日益暴露,已严重地影响矿井正常生产。因此,急需对城郊矿二水平深部高应力软岩复合顶板煤巷的破坏机理和支护方式进行研究,保证矿井安全高效生产。本研究结合目前国内外现有的巷道支护理论和技术,采用力学分析、数值模拟、实验室岩石强度测试和现场工业性试验等研究方法,深入分析了城郊煤矿二水平深部软岩复合顶板煤巷的破坏特征和变形机理。提出了城郊矿深部软岩复合顶板煤巷“帮顶同治”支护原理和与之相对应的城郊矿二水平煤巷支护技术,并在城郊煤矿21304区段运输平巷试验应用成功,有效控制了巷道围岩变形,实现了“帮顶同治”。研究内容和结论如下:1)分析了城郊矿二水平煤巷围岩赋存特征,计算了城郊矿二水平地应力,城郊矿二水平的垂直应力v?=16.755~20.915 MPa,最大水平应力=24.308~29.068H?MPa,并对二水平典型煤巷围岩强度进行了实验室测试,由此确定城郊矿二水平煤巷顶板为典型的深部软岩复合顶板。2)总结了城郊矿二水平煤巷变形破坏特征,建立了复合顶板煤巷破坏力学模型,通过力学分析,得到了复合顶板巷道破坏的力学机理;采用力学推导、数值模拟计算对比分析不同支护结构,认为“巷道帮、顶整体支护”结构为最优支护结构,并基于此提出了针对城郊煤矿深部软岩复合顶板煤巷的“帮顶同治”支护原理。3)针对城郊矿二水平煤巷两帮煤体强度极低的赋存特点,研究了松软煤体中锚杆支护失效的机理,提出了适合城郊矿二水平煤巷的帮部加固技术和包括对拉锚索在内的松软煤层加固对策。4)根据复合顶板“帮顶同治”支护原理,从顶板锚固体加固、支护附件和顶板锚索三个方面,对城郊矿现有的顶板加固技术进行优化,满足了城郊矿二水平煤巷支护的技术要求,并以此提出了城郊矿深部“帮顶同治”支护技术。5)研究结论及成果成功应用于城郊矿21304区段运输平巷,有效控制了巷道变形,实现了“帮顶同治”的支护效果。
[Abstract]:At present, the second-level mining in suburban coal mine has entered the stage of full development, and the depth of mining increases, which leads to the increase of ground pressure and the deterioration of geological conditions. In the past, the shallow support form can no longer meet the requirements of support for the deep surrounding rock of the mine. Especially for deep high stress soft rock composite roof coal roadway, the problems of poor support effect and extremely difficult maintenance have been exposed day by day, which has seriously affected the normal production of mine. Therefore, it is urgent to study the failure mechanism and supporting mode of the coal roadway with high stress and soft rock in the second level of the suburb mine, so as to ensure the safe and efficient production of the mine. Combined with the existing theories and techniques of roadway support at home and abroad, the research methods such as mechanical analysis, numerical simulation, laboratory rock strength test and field industrial test are adopted in this study. The failure characteristics and deformation mechanism of the coal roadway with soft rock composite roof at the second level in the suburb coal mine are analyzed. This paper puts forward the support principle of the deep soft rock composite roof coal roadway and the corresponding supporting technology of the second horizontal coal roadway in the suburb coal mine, and it is successfully applied in the 21304 section of the suburb coal mine. The deformation of surrounding rock of roadway is effectively controlled, and the same roof treatment is realized. The contents and conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) the characteristics of surrounding rock in the second-level coal roadway in suburban coal mine are analyzed, and the in-situ stress of the second-level coal roadway in suburban coal mine is calculated. The vertical stress of the second level in the suburb mine is 16.755 ~ 20.915 MPA, and the maximum horizontal stress is 24.30880 ~ 29.068 Hm ~ (a). The surrounding rock strength of the typical coal roadway at the second level has been tested in the laboratory. From this, it is determined that the roof of the second level coal roadway in the suburb mine is a typical deep soft rock composite roof. 2) the deformation and failure characteristics of the second level coal roadway in the suburb mine are summarized, and the failure model of the compound roof coal roadway is established, and the failure force model of the compound roof coal roadway is established through mechanical analysis. The mechanical mechanism of composite roof roadway failure is obtained, and different supporting structures are compared and analyzed by mechanical derivation and numerical simulation, and it is considered that "roadway side, roof integral support" structure is the optimal supporting structure. Based on this, the mechanism of bolting failure in soft rock composite roof coal roadway in suburb coal mine is studied according to the supporting principle of "side roof treatment" for coal roadway of deep soft rock in suburb coal mine. 3) aiming at the occurrence characteristics of extremely low strength of two side coal bodies in the second horizontal coal roadway in suburb coal mine, the failure mechanism of bolting support in soft coal body is studied. This paper puts forward the reinforcement technology of the side part suitable for the second horizontal coal roadway in the suburb coal mine and the reinforcement countermeasure of soft coal seam including pulling anchor cable. 4) according to the support principle of the composite roof "the roof is under the same treatment", the reinforcement of the roof anchoring body is carried out from the roof anchoring body. In three aspects of supporting accessory and roof anchor cable, the existing roof reinforcement technology in suburban coal mine is optimized to meet the technical requirements of second-level coal roadway support in suburban coal mine. Based on this, the paper puts forward the research conclusions and results of the deep support technology. 5) successfully applied to the 21304 section transportation roadway of the suburb mine, effectively controlling the deformation of the roadway, and realizing the support effect of "the same roof treatment".
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD353

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