低品位重晶石浮选工艺及捕收剂吸附机理研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 05:33

本文选题：重晶石矿 + 低品位　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：重晶石是一种重要的非金属资源,也是我国优势矿产资源,对石油化工行业有着不可替代的重要作用。就重晶石储量和产量而言,我国都居世界首位,产品以钻井液添加剂为主,出口到许多国家。我国重晶石矿床主要是沉积型矿床和热液型矿床,多与萤石、石英等矿物共伴生。随着高品质重晶石矿被不断开发利用,目前我国重晶石矿逐渐形成了“贫、细、杂”的现状。因此,如何经济有效的开发利用重晶石资源成为了选矿及深加工行业重要的研究课题。本文以云南低品位重晶石矿为研究对象,对其进行了详细的工艺矿物学研究,查明了该重晶石矿的矿石特性。在此基础上,进行了重选预先抛尾试验,重点进行了浮选试验,包括浮选条件试验以及全流程的药剂制度及工艺流程优化试验,旨在发掘高效回收该低品位重晶石矿的浮选药剂制度及工艺流程,确定一个经济合理的选矿技术方案,为我国低品位重晶石矿的合理开发及利用提供重要的技术参考。通过实际矿石的浮选条件试验,考查了磨矿细度、矿浆pH值、抑制剂类型及用量、捕收剂类型及用量、浮选浓度等参数对浮选指标的影响,确定最佳粗选条件为：在矿浆自然pH(pH值为8左右)条件下,磨矿细度为-0.074mm占83%,浮选浓度为30%左右,以500g/t水玻璃作为抑制剂,600g/t油酸钠作为捕收剂,浮选时间6分钟。此外,还进行了浮选流程优化试验,将“二次粗选,三次精选(第三次精选开路)”作为最佳全浮工艺流程,分别获得了化工级和加重剂级重晶石精矿：化工级,BaSO4含量98.51%,回收率为84.86%；加重剂级,BaSO4含量91.52%,回收率为10.76%,实现了该重晶石资源的有效回收利用。进行了捕收剂与重晶石及石英矿物表面的浮选行为研究,借助红外光谱测试手段研究了油酸钠与重晶石矿物表面的吸附特性。此外,本论文分别测试了有价矿物重晶石与油酸钠,主要脉石矿物石英与油酸钠作用前后的动电位变化情况,研究了油酸钠对重晶石和石英的吸附状况。本研究为此类石英-重晶石矿确定了技术可靠经济合理的药剂制度及浮选工艺流程,尤其是建议采用第三次精选开路的设计方案,可以增加精矿产品的附加值,使资源得到了高效利用,为我国此类重晶石资源的回收利用提供了新的思路。
[Abstract]:Barite is an important nonmetallic resource, and also a dominant mineral resource in China, which plays an irreplaceable role in petrochemical industry. In terms of barite reserves and production, China occupies the first place in the world. Its products are mainly drilling fluid additives and exported to many countries. Barite deposits in China are mainly sedimentary deposits and hydrothermal deposits, most of which are associated with fluorite, quartz and other minerals. With the continuous development and utilization of high quality barite ore, barite ore in China has gradually formed the status quo of "poor, fine and miscellaneous". Therefore, how to develop and utilize barite resources economically and effectively has become an important research topic in mineral dressing and deep processing industry. In this paper, the low grade barite ore in Yunnan Province is taken as the research object, and the ore characteristics of the barite ore are studied in detail. On the basis of this, the gravity separation pre-throwing test was carried out, and the flotation test was carried out, including the flotation condition test, the reagent system and the technological process optimization test of the whole process. The purpose of this paper is to find out the flotation reagents system and technological process of recovering the low grade barite ore efficiently, to determine an economical and reasonable scheme of mineral processing technology, and to provide an important technical reference for the rational development and utilization of the low grade barite ore in China. The effects of grinding fineness, pulp pH value, depressant type and dosage, collector type and dosage, flotation concentration and other parameters on flotation index were investigated through the flotation condition test of real ore. The optimum conditions are as follows: under the condition of natural pH(pH of pulp about 8), grinding fineness is -0.074 mm, flotation concentration is about 30%, 500g/t sodium oleate as inhibitor is used as collector, flotation time is 6 minutes. In addition, the flotation process optimization test was carried out. The "second roughing, three cleaning (third cleaning open circuit)" was regarded as the best full floating process. The barite concentrate of chemical grade and aggrandizer grade were obtained: the content of BaSO4 in chemical grade was 98.51 and the recovery rate was 84.860.The content of BaSO4 in aggrandizer grade was 91.52 and the recovery rate was 10.76.This realized the effective recovery and utilization of the barite resource. The flotation behavior of collector, barite and quartz mineral surface was studied. The adsorption characteristics of sodium oleate and barite mineral surface were studied by infrared spectroscopy. In addition, the potentiodynamic changes of barite and sodium oleate, the main gangue mineral quartz and sodium oleate were measured before and after the interaction, and the adsorption of barite and quartz by sodium oleate was studied. In this study, a reliable, economical and reasonable reagents system and flotation process are established for this kind of quartz-barite ores, especially the design scheme of the third cleaning open circuit is suggested, which can increase the added value of concentrate products. It provides a new idea for the recovery and utilization of barite resources in China.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD923;TD97

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