黄药在矿物表面吸附行为的连续在线原位ATR-IR研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 09:37

本文选题：铜铅锌氧化物及硫化物 + 连续在线原位ATR-IR　；参考：《济南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：超细颗粒的浮选分离是选矿工业中一直面临的难题,因为可开采的金属矿物的贫、细、杂的状况愈演愈烈。矿物浮选主要涉及到矿物之间的的分离。在选矿工艺中,随着矿物粒度的减少和比表面的增加,表面性质逐渐起着主导作用,这增加了分离的难度。矿物表面与溶液中其他组分间的化学作用可以引起表面的物理化学性质的复杂变化,因此金属硫化矿物和氧化矿物的表面化学一直是选矿理论研究的重要课题。本文以铜铅锌氧化物及硫化物作为研究对象。采用简单的沉淀法人工合成出纯的氧化铜,硫化铜,氧化铅,硫化铅,氧化锌和硫化锌。使用沉淀法制备,操作简便易行,对设备要求低,杂质不易引入,具有良好的化学计量性,成本较低。并使用了XRD,BET,FTIR方法对合成的铜铅锌氧化物及硫化物进行了相应的表征,结果表明合成的样品纯净,没有杂质。在矿物浮选的过程中,溶液的pH一直备受关注,因为不同矿物在不同的pH条件下所表现出来的状态和溶液中的组分是不同的,进而会影响矿物浮选的效率。通过使用原子吸收的方法研究了铜铅锌氧化物及硫化物的溶解度与pH的关系,我们知道在酸性的范围内,矿物的溶解度相对较大,在碱性范围内,氧化铜和硫化铜的溶解度不到0.01mmol·L-1,氧化铅,硫化铅,氧化锌,硫化锌的溶解度几乎为零,因此,我们在实验中,选用碱性环境来进行吸附实验。由于黄药类捕收剂对硫化矿物的浮选有良好的选择性且对矿物浮选具有重要意义,人们对黄药浮选矿物的机理进行了大量的研究。为了更真实更准确的研究黄药在浮选过程中矿物表面的所发生的变化,我们采用了先进的连续在线原位ATR-IR测试技术来进行研究。连续在线原位ATR技术可以实时在线测定矿物对黄药的吸附过程,而且准确度高,分辨率强,并对吸附过程进行了拟一级和拟二级动力学拟合。结合二维红外相关光谱分析,可以分辨出一维谱图中所掩盖的弱峰和光谱强度的变化顺序。通过分析研究矿物对黄药的吸附过程,发现红外谱图有红移现象,并且黄药在矿物表面的吸附不是简单的单分子层吸附,而是多层吸附。我们推断黄药在矿物表面以胶团的形式吸附。通过使用芘荧光探针法和电导率法测定,发现荧光光谱的I1/I3强度比值随着浓度变化出现了拐点,证明了在矿物表面产生了胶团。
[Abstract]:Flotation separation of ultrafine particles is a difficult problem in the mineral processing industry. Because of the poor, fine and mixed conditions of the mineral minerals that can be mined, the mineral flotation is mainly involved in the separation of minerals. In the process of mineral processing, the surface properties gradually play a leading role with the decrease of mineral grain size and the increase of the specific surface. The chemical action between the surface of the mineral and the other components in the solution can cause complex changes in the physical and chemical properties of the surface. Therefore, the surface chemistry of the metal sulfide minerals and the oxidized minerals has been an important subject in the study of mineral processing theory. This paper uses copper lead, zinc oxide and sulfide as the research object. Pure copper oxide, copper sulfide, lead oxide, lead sulfide, Zinc Oxide and zinc sulfide were synthesized by precipitation method. It was prepared by precipitation method, easy to operate, low requirement for the equipment, not easy to introduce impurities, good stoichiometry and low cost. The XRD, BET, FTIR method was used for the synthesis of copper, lead, zinc oxide and sulfide. The results show that the synthesized samples are pure and no impurities. In the process of mineral flotation, the pH of the solution has been paid much attention, because the state of the different minerals in different pH conditions and the components in the solution are different, which will affect the efficiency of mineral flotation. Copper is studied by the method of atomic absorption. The relationship between the solubility of lead, zinc oxide and sulfides with pH, we know that in the acid range, the solubility of minerals is relatively large. In the alkaline range, the solubility of copper oxide and copper sulfide is less than 0.01mmol L-1, lead oxide, lead sulfide, Zinc Oxide, and zinc sulfide are almost zero. Therefore, in the experiment, we choose the alkaline environment. Because the xanthate collectors have good selectivity for the flotation of sulfide minerals and are of great significance to mineral flotation, a lot of studies have been made on the mechanism of the flotation minerals of the xanthate. In order to more accurately and accurately study the changes in the mineral surface of the xanthate during the flotation process, we have adopted the first. Continuous on line in-situ ATR-IR technology is used to study. Continuous online in situ ATR technology can be used to determine the adsorption process of mineral to xanthate on line, with high accuracy and strong resolution, and the adsorption process is fitted with pseudo first order and quasi two stage kinetics. Through the analysis and study of the adsorption process of mineral to xanthate, it is found that the infrared spectrum has red shift, and the adsorption of xanthate on the mineral surface is not a simple monolayer adsorption, but a multilayer adsorption. We infer that the xanthate is adsorbed on the mineral surface in the form of micelles. The determination of pyrene fluorescence probe method and conductivity method showed that the I1/I3 intensity ratio of the fluorescence spectrum showed a turning point with the change of concentration, which proved that the micelles were produced on the surface of the mineral.
【学位授予单位】：济南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD923.1

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