岩质边坡生态重建基质物理力学特性研究

发布时间：2018-05-23 10:15

本文选题：岩质边坡 + 铁尾矿　；参考：《华北理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着矿业的飞速发展,特别是矿山开采的进行,产生了大量的岩质边坡,严重破坏了原地貌土壤植被系统的生态平衡。岩质边坡生态重建技术现已应用于我国裸露岩质边坡的生态护坡当中,但由于成本高、基质材料匮乏等原因,阻碍了该技术在矿山岩质边坡生态恢复中的应用。该研究以铁尾矿、秸秆、蘑菇渣、糠醛渣等固体废弃物以及425#普通硅酸盐水泥、保水剂、有机肥、粘合剂等作为配制护坡绿化基质的基本材料。采用正交设计方法,选定水泥、秸秆、蘑菇渣、粘合剂对基质力学性能影响较大的四因素,进行基质的容重、含水率、吸水率、水分蒸发率及水稳定性的研究,并通过无侧限抗压及直接剪切试验,研究各基质含量及龄期对基质试样的无侧限抗压强度、抗剪强度指标的影响。结合植物生长试验与物理力学特性试验,得出两种最佳基质配比,通过根系加筋理论等理论分析,并进行根土复合体的剪切试验。研究表明以铁尾矿及秸秆等固体废弃物为主要原材料配制岩质边坡生态重建基质是可行的,最终得出基质的最优配比为:表层基质(2~3cm)配比为水泥10%、秸秆2%、蘑菇渣2%、粘合剂0.6%、有机肥2%、保水剂0.1%、糠醛渣2.5%;底层基质(7~8cm)配比为水泥12%、秸秆2%、蘑菇渣1%、粘合剂0.8%、有机肥2%、保水剂0.1%,糠醛渣3%(全部为基质所占铁尾矿的百分含量)。从原材料出发,节约了成本,给矿山带来很好的经济效益和生态效益。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of mining, especially the development of mining, a large number of rock slopes are produced, which seriously destroy the ecological balance of the original landform soil vegetation system. The ecological reconstruction technology of rock slope has been applied to the ecological protection of bare rock slope in China. However, due to the high cost and lack of matrix materials, the application of the technology in ecological restoration of mine rock slope has been hindered. In this study, iron tailings, straw, mushroom residue, furfural slag and 425# ordinary Portland cement, water-retaining agent, organic fertilizer and binder were used as the basic materials for the preparation of slope greening matrix. The orthogonal design method was used to study the bulk density, moisture content, water absorption, water evaporation rate and water stability of the matrix, which had a great influence on the mechanical properties of the matrix, such as cement, straw, mushroom residue and binder. The influence of the content and age of the matrix on the unconfined compressive strength and shear strength of the matrix sample was studied by the unconfined compression test and direct shear test. Combined with plant growth test and physical and mechanical property test, the optimum ratio of two substrates was obtained. The theoretical analysis of root reinforcement theory was carried out, and the shear test of root-soil complex was carried out. The study shows that it is feasible to use solid wastes such as iron tailings and straw as the main raw materials to prepare the ecological reconstruction matrix of rock slope. Finally, the optimum ratio of the matrix is: cement 10, straw 2, mushroom residue 2, binder 0.6, organic fertilizer 2, water retaining agent 0.1, furfural slag 2.5; bottom matrix 7 ~ 8 cm) cement 12, straw 2, mushroom residue 1, adhesive 0.880. Machine fertilizer 2, water absorbent 0.1, furfural slag 3% (all matrix occupied by iron tailings). Starting from the raw materials, the cost is saved and good economic and ecological benefits are brought to the mine.
【学位授予单位】：华北理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD88;TD31

【参考文献】