甘肃省天水某银铅锌多金属硫化矿选矿试验研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 07:22

本文选题：多金属硫化矿 + 部分混合浮选　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：泡沫浮选已有百年历史,铜铅锌多金属硫化矿的浮选分离却一直是选矿界的一大难题。此研究为甘肃省天水某多金属硫化矿,是一个以金、银、铅、锌元素为主,伴生铜的大型矿床,矿石中主要金属矿物有方铅矿、闪锌矿和黄铁矿,其次有银黝铜矿,黄铜矿;脉石矿物主要是石英、绢云母,其次是碳酸盐矿物、绿泥石。原矿工艺矿物学研究结果表明,大部分的铜、铅、锌矿物粒度较粗易选,但也存在复杂性,如方铅矿包裹粒度不等的银黝铜矿;银黝铜矿包裹细粒(多0.05mm)方铅矿、黄铜矿和黄铁矿;部分黄铜矿也包裹粒度较细的方铅矿,这种相互包裹关系会影响铜精矿质量。部分闪锌矿中包裹细粒方铅矿较难解离,也易造成锌精矿含铅高;闪锌矿包裹部分细粒银黝铜矿,闪锌矿也包裹银金矿,会使部分银和金损失到锌精矿中。银主要赋存在银黝铜矿中,因此银主要将随铜精矿的富集而富集。贵金属则主要富集在铜精矿和硫精矿中。针对目的矿物赋存状态特点,研究出顺应矿石性质、技术经济合理的选矿工艺流程,以充分提高资源综合的回收。通过探讨研究和各方案对比,最终采用“部分混合浮选”流程处理该矿石。即先铜铅混合浮选,后浮锌,再将铜铅混合精矿进行铜铅分离。浮选磨矿细度为-0.074mm70%,选用石灰作pH值调整剂、胶体碳酸锌(硫酸锌、碳酸钠)为抑锌药剂、乙黄药为铜铅混浮捕收剂、硫酸铜为选锌活化剂、丁基黄药为选锌捕收剂、2#油为起泡剂。对铜铅混合精矿进行铜铅分离浮选时,采用活性炭脱药,CMC、水玻璃、亚硫酸钠组合药剂抑铅浮铜,Z-200为银铜精矿捕收剂,在确定了最佳工·艺条件后进行了开路试验,获得了铜精矿含铜17.47%,回收率为61.12%;铅精矿含铅59.58%,回收率为85.82%;锌精矿含锌57.36%,回收率76.49%的指标。最终闭路试验获得银铜精矿含铜14.55%、含银44543g/t、含金124.27 g/t,铜、银和金回收率分别为75.47%、83.97%和65.12%;铅精矿含铅56.68%,铅回收率为92.09%;锌精矿含锌53.56%,回收率76.58%;金总回收率93.72%,银总回收率91.71%。试验指标较为理想。
[Abstract]:Although foam flotation has a history of one hundred years, flotation separation of copper, lead and zinc polymetallic sulphide ores has always been a difficult problem in the field of mineral processing. This study is a polymetallic sulphide ore deposit in Tianshui, Gansu Province, which is a large deposit consisting mainly of gold, silver, lead, zinc and associated copper. The main metallic minerals in the ore are galena, sphalerite and pyrite, followed by silver tetrahedrite and chalcopyrite. Gangue minerals are mainly quartz, sericite, followed by carbonate minerals, chlorite. The results of mineralogical study show that most of the copper, lead and zinc minerals are relatively coarse and easy to be separated, but there are also some complexities, such as galena encapsulating silver tetrahedrite with different granularity, silver tetrahedrite coated with fine galena (0.05mm more than 0.05mm), Chalcopyrite and pyrite, and some chalcopyrite also contain finer galena, which will affect the quality of copper concentrate. It is difficult to dissociate the fine galena in some sphalerite, and it is easy to cause the zinc concentrate to contain high lead, while the sphalerite encapsulates some fine silver tetrahedrite and the sphalerite also encapsulates the silver gold deposit, which will lead to the loss of some silver and gold to the zinc concentrate. Silver mainly occurs in silver tetrahedrite, so silver will mainly be enriched with the enrichment of copper concentrate. Precious metals are mainly concentrated in copper concentrate and sulfur concentrate. According to the characteristics of the state of occurrence of the target minerals, the processing process of mineral processing, which conforms to the properties of the ore and is reasonable in technology and economy, is studied in order to fully improve the comprehensive recovery of resources. The ore was treated by partial mixed flotation process through discussion and comparison of various schemes. First, copper and lead are mixed flotation, then zinc is floated, then copper-lead mixed concentrate is separated from copper-lead. The fineness of flotation grinding is -0.074 mm70. Lime is used as pH adjuster, colloidal zinc carbonate (zinc sulfate, sodium carbonate) as zinc inhibitor, ethyl xanthate as copper and lead mixed flotation collector, copper sulfate as zinc concentration activator. Ding Ji xanthate was used as zinc collector and oil as foaming agent. In the separation and flotation of copper and lead concentrate, activated carbon demineralizing agent (CMC), sodium sulfite (sodium sulfite) and CMC (sodium sulfite) were used as collector for silver copper concentrate. The open circuit test was carried out after determining the optimum technical conditions. The recovery rate of copper concentrate is 61.12%, that of lead concentrate is 59.58% and that of zinc concentrate is 85.82%, and that of zinc concentrate is 57.36% with a recovery rate of 76.49%. The final closed circuit test showed that the silver copper concentrate contained 14.55 copper, silver 44543 g / t, gold 124.27 g / t, the recoveries of copper, silver and gold were 75.4747% 83.97% and 65.1212%, respectively; lead concentrate contained 56.68 lead, lead recovery was 92.09; zinc concentrate contained 53.56 zinc, recovery 76.58; gold recovery 93.72; silver recovery 91.71 1. The test index is ideal.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD923

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