深埋煤层充填开采技术及上覆岩层稳定性评价研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 20:00

本文选题：深埋煤层 + 条带式　；参考：《西安科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济的迅速发展,作为我国传统能源的煤炭资源开采规模日益增大,可采资源日趋减少,三下(建筑物下、铁路下、水体下)呆滞煤又得不到合理开采,这成为制约矿区可持续开采和矿区生产稳定发展的重要问题。另外,矿区采出的矸石一般堆积在地面,使得土地资源被占用,且经过长期风化,会造成环境污染。采取矸石充填开采的方法,既可实现废物再利用,又可作为地下结构支撑体,从而达到控制地表沉陷、提高煤炭采出率、保护矿区生态环境、解放“三下”煤炭资源等目的。鉴于此,本文以陕西彬长某矿深埋煤层充填开采为工程依托,综合运用理论分析和数值模拟两种研究方法,在分析合理开采方式及充填工艺的基础上,对深埋煤层矸石充填技术及上覆岩层稳定性评价进行研究,取得了具有一定价值的研究成果。主要结论如下:⑴通过分析房柱式开采、条带开采、巷柱式开采和刀柱式开采的优缺点和适用性,综合考虑了适用性、稳定性和经济性三方面因素,确定条带式开采为深埋煤层的最优方式。通过合理安排开采作业和充填作业顺序,提出合理的开采充填工艺和采煤运输系统的布置、充填运输系统的布置以及具体的运输作业方法。最后,确定符合现场实际情况的矸石充填堆弃工艺,分析影响矸石充填效果的因素,并提出了提高矸石充填效果以及与矸石充填相关的技术措施。⑵根据提出的条带式开采布置方式,选择合理巷道和煤柱尺寸,深入分析了矿房煤柱布置中巷道宽度、巷间煤柱宽度和个数以及隔离煤柱宽度等参数之间的关系,计算出巷间煤柱和隔离煤柱的宽度及安全系数;对开采区间上方压力拱稳定性进行了分析,认为压力拱拱腹和拱脚是其稳定性的关键;根据条带式开采布置方式推导出开采率和充填率的计算公式,并计算28种巷道和煤柱布置方案的开采率和不同充填系数下的充填率。在此基础上,根据煤柱和压力拱稳定性及开采率和充填率等参数对28种矿房煤柱的布置方案进行比选,确定了合理的布置方案。最后对彬长矿区深埋煤层巷柱式开采充填工艺配套的矿房煤柱进行支护参数设计,得到相应的支护参数。⑶基于托板理论对深埋煤层条带式开采充填地表沉降进行预测,在保证上覆岩层稳定的前提下,在各种巷柱开采的布置方式中,运用FLAC3D软件进行了充填开采上覆岩层稳定性的模拟计算,验证了预测理论的正确性。同时,运用FLAC3D软件模拟对比分析了不同充填率下巷间煤柱与地层的受力及变形特征,对深埋煤层充填开采上覆岩层稳定性评价具有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our country's economy, the scale of mining coal resources as the traditional energy in our country is increasing day by day, the recoverable resources are decreasing day by day, and the stagnant coal (under buildings, railways, water bodies) can not be mined reasonably. This becomes the important problem that restricts the sustainable mining and the stable development of mining area. In addition, the gangue collected from the mining area generally accumulates on the ground, which causes the land resources to be occupied and weathered for a long time, which will cause environmental pollution. Adopting the method of waste filling mining can not only realize the reuse of waste, but also can be used as the support of underground structure, so as to control the surface subsidence, improve the coal extraction rate, protect the ecological environment of the mining area, and liberate the coal resources. In view of this, this paper based on the deep buried coal seam filling mining of a certain mine in Bingchang, Shaanxi province, synthetically used two kinds of research methods, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, on the basis of analyzing reasonable mining method and filling technology. The technology of waste filling in deep buried coal seam and the evaluation of overlying strata stability are studied, and some valuable research results are obtained. The main conclusions are as follows: by analyzing the advantages and disadvantages and applicability of roof pillar mining, strip mining, roadway pillar mining and cutter pillar mining, the applicability, stability and economy are comprehensively considered. It is determined that strip mining is the best way of deep-buried coal seam. Through reasonable arrangement of mining operation and filling operation sequence, reasonable arrangement of mining and filling technology and coal mining transportation system, arrangement of filling transportation system and concrete transportation operation method are put forward. Finally, the waste process of waste filling is determined, and the factors that affect the filling effect of gangue are analyzed. The paper also puts forward the technical measures of improving the effect of gangue filling and the technical measures related to gangue filling. 2. According to the proposed strip mining layout, the reasonable roadway and coal pillar size are selected, and the width of roadway in the layout of coal pillar in mine house is deeply analyzed. The relationship between the width and number of coal pillars and the width of coal pillars between roadways, the width and safety factor of pillar and pillar between roadways are calculated, and the stability of pressure arch above mining section is analyzed. It is considered that the pressure arch and arch foot are the key to its stability, and the calculation formulas of mining rate and filling rate are derived according to the pattern of strip mining arrangement, and the mining rates of 28 kinds of roadways and coal pillar layout schemes and the filling rates under different filling coefficients are calculated. On the basis of this, according to the stability of coal pillar and pressure arch, mining rate and filling rate, the layout scheme of 28 kinds of coal pillar is compared and selected, and the reasonable layout scheme is determined. In the end, the supporting parameters of the coal pillar of the underground coal seam are designed, and the corresponding support parameter .3 is obtained to predict the ground subsidence of the deep buried coal seam by strip mining and filling based on the theory of supporting plate. On the premise of ensuring the stability of overburden strata, the simulation calculation of overburden strata stability of filling mining is carried out by using FLAC3D software in the arrangement of various roadway pillar mining, which verifies the correctness of the prediction theory. At the same time, the stress and deformation characteristics of coal pillar and strata between roadways under different filling rates are compared and analyzed by using FLAC3D software, which has a certain reference value for evaluating the stability of overlying strata in deep buried coal seam filling mining.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD823.7;TD325

【相似文献】