基于断层与层位约束的3D速度建模方法在消除断层阴影中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 07:26

本文选题：断层阴影 + 层析成像　；参考：《地球物理学进展》2017年06期

【摘要】：在复杂断块区域的时间域成像结果中,断层下方区域常常出现断层阴影区,该区域的地震成像往往是不真实的,给后续解释工作和断层圈闭评价带来很大的影响.常规处理方法采用层析速度建模的叠前深度偏移进行处理,但层析速度建模不能精确描述断面区域的速度特征,因此不能完全解决该问题.本文采用基于断层和层位约束的三维速度建模方法,利用层位和断层对层析速度建模进行约束,使速度反演不能跨越断面进行,该方法可以提高断块区域的速度场精度,对断块区域速度变化特征刻画更加准确,能弥补传统层析成像技术不能很好描述断层两侧速度突变的缺陷.对南海某工区的实际地震资料的应用效果表明:采用基于断层和层位约束的新速度建模方法,其建立的速度模型与真实情况匹配较好,偏移结果有效解决断层阴影问题.
[Abstract]:In the time-domain imaging results of complex fault blocks, the fault shadow area often appears in the area below the fault, and the seismic imaging in this area is often untrue, which has great influence on the subsequent interpretation and the evaluation of fault trap. The conventional processing method is prestack depth migration based on tomography velocity modeling, but tomography velocity modeling can not accurately describe the velocity characteristics of cross-section area, so it can not completely solve the problem. In this paper, the 3-D velocity modeling method based on fault and horizon constraints is adopted, and the tomography velocity modeling is constrained by layers and faults, which makes velocity inversion impossible to cross the cross section. This method can improve the accuracy of velocity field in fault block area. The characteristics of velocity variation in fault block area are more accurate, which can make up for the defect that the traditional tomography technique can not describe the velocity change on both sides of fault. The application of the actual seismic data in a South China Sea area shows that a new velocity modeling method based on fault and horizon constraints is adopted, and the velocity model is well matched with the real situation, and the migration results can effectively solve the fault shadow problem.
【作者单位】：中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司;中海油能源发展股份有限公司工程技术分公司物探技术研究所;
【基金】：中海石油有限公司科技项目“纵波各向异性在地震资料处理和储层预测中的应用研究”(YXKY-2016-ZHJ-01)资助
【分类号】：P631.4

【相似文献】