倾斜薄层状围岩巷道失稳机理及支护技术研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 04:52

本文选题：层状岩体 + 非对称变形　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：层状岩体是世界上分布较为广泛的一种岩体,具有层状构造的岩体大约占到陆地面积的2/3,我国层状岩体占陆地面积为77.3%。层状岩体由于受到层理构造的影响,具有正交各向异性或横观各向同性的特征,破坏形式与均质岩体有很大不同。本文依托于驰宏锌锗公司永昌铅锌矿860坑550中段巷道,结合现场调查、理论分析、相似模拟实验及数值模拟等研究手段,针对巷道围岩的变形破坏特征、力学特性和巷道破坏过程进行研究。同时对倾斜薄层状围岩巷道的失稳机理,选择施工技术上相对合理,经济上切实可行的支护方式,并对此类巷道变形控制有普遍的适用性和实践意义。本文主要研究内容如下：(1)通过对860坑550中段巷道的工程地质、水文地质进行调查,了解了860坑的地层岩性、地质构造以及巷道围岩岩性,并对具有层状特征的巷道围岩破坏形式进行了描述。(2)对目前层状岩体的破坏机理的理论和层状围岩巷道的失稳判据进行了总结归纳。(3)通过对相似理论学习,对实验室原有的相似模拟实验台进行改造,增加能够模拟上覆岩层压力的上部加压设备。其次进行相似材料配比实验,选择在重度、抗压强度、弹模、泊松比上与原型通过相似比缩小后力学性质最为相近的相似材料,并采用正交设计法对相似材料力学性质的影响因素进行分析,从而选取了与原型按比例缩小后力学性质最为相似的材料。(4)通过相似模拟实验研究,分析了巷道的破坏过程、破坏形式和巷道围岩在受压过程中的位移变化规律,从而更加直观的掌握了倾斜薄层状巷道围岩的破坏过程与巷道围岩破坏的关键位置。其次运用数值模拟对巷道的受力情况等进行分析,综合分析巷道的变形、失稳原因。(5)针对倾斜薄层状围岩巷道特殊的失稳机理,运用“长短锚杆组合支护方案”。并采用数值模拟对支护方案进行验证,并在验证的基础上,对长短锚杆组合支护方案进行再次优化设计。
[Abstract]:Layered rock mass is a widely distributed rock mass in the world. The rock mass with layered structure accounts for about 2 / 3 of the land area, and the stratiform rock mass occupies 77.3% of the land area in China. The layered rock mass is characterized by orthotropic or transversely isotropic due to the influence of bedding structure, and the failure form is quite different from that of homogeneous rock mass. Based on the roadway of 860keng 550 in Yongchang Pb-Zn Mine of Chihong Zinc and Germanium Company, combined with field investigation, theoretical analysis, similar simulation experiment and numerical simulation, this paper aims at the deformation and failure characteristics of roadway surrounding rock. Mechanical properties and roadway failure process were studied. At the same time, the mechanism of instability of inclined and thin-layer surrounding rock roadway is chosen, which is relatively reasonable in construction technology and feasible in economy, and has universal applicability and practical significance for deformation control of this kind of roadway. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) through the investigation of engineering geology and hydrogeology of the middle section of the 860keng 550 section, the stratigraphic lithology, geological structure and lithology of the surrounding rock of the tunnel are understood. The failure form of roadway surrounding rock with layered characteristics is described. (2) the theory of failure mechanism of layered rock mass and the instability criterion of layered rock roadway are summarized and summarized. 3) the similarity theory is studied. The original similar simulative test bench was modified to increase the upper pressure equipment which can simulate the pressure of overlying strata. Secondly, the similar material ratio was tested, and the similar materials with the most similar mechanical properties were selected on the degree of weight, compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, Poisson's ratio and the prototype after the similarity ratio was reduced. The influence factors of the mechanical properties of similar materials are analyzed by orthogonal design method, and the most similar material to the prototype is selected. The failure process of the roadway is analyzed through the similar simulation experiment study, which is most similar to the mechanical properties of the prototype. The failure form and displacement of roadway surrounding rock in the process of compression, thus more intuitively grasped the destruction process of inclined and thin-layer roadway and the key position of roadway surrounding rock failure. Secondly, numerical simulation is used to analyze the stress of roadway, and the deformation of roadway is analyzed synthetically. The reason of instability is. 5) according to the special instability mechanism of inclined and thin-bed surrounding rock roadway, "long and short bolt combination support scheme" is used. Numerical simulation is used to verify the support scheme, and on the basis of verification, the combined support scheme of long and short bolt is optimized again.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD322.4;TD353

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