急倾斜特厚煤层综放工作面煤岩冲击性监测及解危研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 10:48

本文选题：急倾斜特厚煤层 + 煤岩冲击性　；参考：《西安科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：急倾斜特厚煤层安全高效开采过程中以煤岩冲击性为主的动力灾害是煤矿安全生产面临的重要难题之一。伴随着开采深度的加深和开采扰动的影响,煤岩冲击性灾害的发生机制十分复杂,对其有效的监测和预防也比较困难。而单一的监测手段与防治技术又不能准确的达到监测防治的效果,多手段的联合监测与不同的防治措施可以更为科学准确的监测和防治煤岩冲击性灾害。针对神华新疆能源有限公司乌东煤矿南采区特殊的地质情况和该矿发生的具体的煤岩冲击性灾害的典型事故,对急倾斜特厚煤层综放开采工作面煤岩冲击性灾害的发生机制、监测方法及防治措施展开研究。由于特殊的煤岩赋存结构,乌东矿南采去工作面煤岩冲击性灾害的致灾主要是由于B2-B3岩柱引起,经过具体的开采实践及理论研究,认为岩柱的“撬动”是导致煤岩冲击性灾害的关键,为此提出运用岩柱“撬动”理论分析煤岩冲击性致灾机理。联合监测主要是以微震+地音在线监测为主,电磁辐射+钻屑法监测为辅的监测手段,在综采工作面及掘进工作面巷道内分别布置监测探头在线实时监测,对监测异常区域在实施电磁辐射和钻屑监测加以验证,从而达到有效的监测,避免了由于煤层赋存的多样性和复杂性,并受空间尺寸大型化及现场监测中外界的干扰等因素的影响,造成监测结果的失真。根据联合监测结果的分析,对煤岩冲击性危险区域实施解危,在综放工作面主要对B2-B3岩柱实施注水爆破,对煤层顶底板实施盛开爆破,对煤体实施注水软化;在掘进面主要采用大直径卸压和开槽卸压,对特殊区域实施加强支护、煤层注水及爆破等措施,达到降低或阻碍煤岩应力的集中,从而有效的防治煤岩冲击性灾害的发生。本文的研究成果对于急倾斜特厚煤层综放开采工作面煤岩冲击性动力灾害的监测与防治具有一定的指导意义,同时对于类似地质条件的矿井开采中煤岩动力灾害也有一定的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:In the process of safety and high efficiency mining of steeply inclined and super thick coal seam, the dynamic disaster, which is dominated by coal and rock impact, is one of the important problems in the safe production of coal mine. With the deepening of mining depth and the influence of mining disturbance, the mechanism of coal rock impact disaster is very complex, and it is difficult to monitor and prevent it effectively. But the single monitoring means and prevention technology can not accurately achieve the effect of monitoring prevention and control, multi-means of joint monitoring and different prevention and control measures can be more scientific and accurate monitoring and prevention of coal and rock impact disasters. In view of the special geological conditions in the south mining area of Wudong Coal Mine of Shenhua Xinjiang Energy Co., Ltd., and the typical accidents of specific coal and rock impact disasters occurring in this mine, the mechanism of coal and rock impact disasters in fully-mechanized top-coal caving mining face of steeply inclined and extra thick coal seam is discussed. Monitoring methods and prevention measures were studied. Due to the special coal and rock occurrence structure, the impact disaster of coal and rock in the south mining face of Wudong Coal Mine is mainly caused by the B2-B3 rock pillar, which has been studied by concrete mining practice and theory. It is considered that the "crowing" of rock pillar is the key to the impact disaster of coal and rock. Therefore, the theory of rock pillar "crowing" is proposed to analyze the mechanism of coal and rock impact disaster. The joint monitoring is mainly based on the on-line monitoring of microseismic ground sound, supplemented by the electromagnetic radiation drilling method, and the monitoring probe is placed in the roadway of the fully mechanized mining face and the tunneling face in real time on line, respectively. In order to achieve effective monitoring and avoid the diversity and complexity due to the diversity and complexity of coal seam occurrence, the electromagnetic radiation and drilling debris monitoring in monitoring abnormal areas is verified. It is also affected by the large size of space and the external interference in the field monitoring, which results in the distortion of the monitoring results. According to the analysis of the joint monitoring results, the dangerous area of coal and rock impact is solved, the B2-B3 rock pillar blasting is mainly carried out in the fully mechanized caving face, the roof and floor of the coal seam is blasted, and the water injection softening of the coal body is carried out. In order to reduce or hinder the stress concentration of coal and rock, large diameter pressure relief and slotted pressure relief are mainly used to strengthen support, water injection in coal seam and blasting to prevent the occurrence of coal rock impact disaster effectively. The research results of this paper have certain guiding significance for the monitoring and prevention of coal and rock impact dynamic disasters in fully-mechanized top-coal caving face of steeply inclined and extra thick coal seam. At the same time, it can also be used for reference for coal and rock dynamic disasters in mine mining with similar geological conditions.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD324

【参考文献】