基于多重分形理论的黄土区露天煤矿排土场重构土壤特性空间变异研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 08:46

本文选题：土壤复垦 + 多重分形　；参考：《中国地质大学(北京)》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：重构一个适合于植被生长的土壤是矿区土地复垦的核心工作。露天煤矿排土场由于受到采排、压实等活动的影响使其原有土壤特性发生重要变化。有效认识排土场土壤特性的空间变异状况,对选取合理的土地复垦措施具有重要的作用。本文以平朔安太堡露天煤矿内排土场为研究区域,通过引入多重分形理论和联合多重分形理论,结合传统地统计学方法,对重构土壤特性空间变异性及其不同特性参数的空间自相关性进行了分析。研究得到的结果有:(1)研究区内土壤理化性质指标:土壤颗粒组成多重分形参数、土壤质地、有机质、全氮变异系数均处于10%-90%之间,属于中等变异。(2)研究区土壤颗粒组成具有明显的多重分形特征,容量维D(0)、信息熵维数D(1)、D(1)/D(0)、多重分形谱谱宽Δα和对称度Δf(α)都可以从不同角度反映土壤颗粒分布的非均匀性特征。(3)通过半方差函数模型得到的空间结构特征分析,D(0)在0-20 cm土层、D(1)在20-40 cm土层的空间自相关性很强,D(0)在20-40 cm土层、D(1)在0-20 cm土层、D(1)/D(0)在0-20 cm土层和20-40 cm土层、Δα在0-20 cm土层和20-40 cm土层、Δf(α)在20-40 cm土层具有中等空间相关性,Δf(α)在0-20 cm土层的空间相关性最弱。(4)研究区内土壤颗粒多重分形参数均显示出了明显的空间分布格局,除参数Δα外,参数D(0)、D(1)、D(1)/D(0)、Δf(α)的变异性均随深度的增加而减小。(5)联合多重分形结果显示:砂粒含量和粘粒含量的空间变异性较强,粉粒含量、有机质、全氮含量的空间变异性相对较弱;在0-20 cm、20-40 cm这两个土层上,有机质含量、全氮含量、土壤粒径分布分形维数空间变异性之间的相互关系比较密切。(6)相对于前人的研究本文利用多重分形理论可以更好的分析土壤结构的复杂性、不规则程度以及不均匀程度;联合多重分形理论分析不同土层土壤特性空间变异性之间相互关系,能更准确的反映对应变量的空间变异性在多尺度上的相互关系。
[Abstract]:Reconstructing a soil suitable for vegetation growth is the core task of land reclamation in mining area. Because of the influence of mining, compaction and other activities, the original soil characteristics of open pit coal mine dump changed significantly. It is important to know the spatial variation of soil characteristics in dump effectively and to select reasonable land reclamation measures. In this paper, the inner dump of Pingshuo Antaibao opencast coal mine is taken as the research area. By introducing the multifractal theory and the combined multifractal theory, and combining with the traditional geostatistics method, Spatial variability of soil characteristics and spatial autocorrelation of different characteristic parameters were analyzed. The results of the study are as follows: (1) soil physical and chemical properties: multifractal parameters of soil particle composition, soil texture, organic matter, and coefficient of variation of total nitrogen ranged from 10% to 90%. The soil particle composition in the study area has obvious multifractal characteristics. Capacity dimension, information entropy dimension, multifractal spectrum width 螖伪 and symmetry degree 螖 f (伪) can reflect the inhomogeneity characteristics of soil particle distribution from different angles. In 0-20 cm soil layer and 20-40 cm soil layer, 螖伪 in 0-20 cm soil layer and 20-40 cm soil layer, 螖 f (伪) has moderate spatial correlation in 20-40 cm soil layer, 螖 f (伪) in 0-20 cm soil layer and 螖 f (伪) in 0-20 cm soil layer, 螖 f (伪) in 0-20 cm soil layer and 20-40 cm soil layer, 螖 f (伪) in 20-40 cm soil layer. The multifractal parameters of soil particles in the study area showed obvious spatial distribution pattern. In addition to the parameter 螖伪, the variability of the parameters D _ 0 / D _ (1) / D _ (1) / D _ (0), 螖 f (伪) decreased with the increase of depth. The multifractal results showed that the spatial variability of sand content and clay content was stronger, and that of silt content, organic matter and total nitrogen content was relatively weak. In 0-20 cm ~ 40 cm soil layer, organic matter content, total nitrogen content, The correlation between spatial variability of fractal dimension of soil particle size distribution is close. 6) compared with previous studies, this paper can better analyze the complexity, irregularity and non-uniformity of soil structure by using multifractal theory. Combining multifractal theory to analyze the spatial variability of soil characteristics of different soil layers can more accurately reflect the spatial variability of the corresponding variables in the multi-scale relationship.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD824.8

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