矿井胶带火灾灾变规律数值模拟及自动灭火系统设计研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 09:17

本文选题：胶带火灾 + 热释放速率　；参考：《太原理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国煤矿大都使用阻燃胶带输送机,但由于矿井环境复杂,遗煤自燃、电火花、明火等在特定条件下仍然可能引燃胶带火灾。一旦发生胶带火灾,火势迅速蔓延,火源区邻近巷道温度迅速升高,产生的大量有毒有害气体随着风流进入下风侧各采区,从而威胁井下人员的生命安全。研究矿井胶带火灾灾变过程,迅速准确地掌握矿井胶带火灾时巷道内风流状态、温度分布、火灾烟流蔓延情况,对于现场指挥救灾、保护井下人员的生命安全具有十分重要的意义。在此基础上,设计研究矿井胶带输送机自动监测灭火系统,及时发现和控制胶带火灾,减少火灾造成的财产损失,保护井下人员的生命安全,已成为亟待解决的问题。本文从胶带火灾原因出发,以研究胶带火灾典型可燃材料的燃烧特性为切入点,采用现场采样分析、实验研究测定和数值模拟演算的研究方法,重点对胶带火灾可燃材料燃烧特性、胶带火灾灾变规律、细水雾灭火特性影响因素等进行了较深入的研究,并在此基础上,结合分布式光纤测温技术和细水雾灭火技术,设计了基于分布式光纤测温技术的矿井胶带运输机细水雾自动灭火系统,以实现无人值守情况下对胶带火灾进行自动处理的问题。本文主要研究工作和成果有:(1)分析了矿井胶带火灾的起火原因,概述了矿井胶带火灾一般发展规律,根据火灾理论,对煤矿胶带火灾典型可燃材料的燃烧特性进行锥形量热仪实验,测定遗煤最大热释放速率为138kw/m2,阻燃胶带的最大热释放速率为285kw/m2,为矿井胶带火灾的数值模拟提供参考依据。(2)运用火灾动力模拟软件PyroSim,结合高平市申家庄煤矿运输斜井实际情况,创建矿井胶带火灾模型,根据实验确定的胶带火灾典型可燃材料的燃烧特性,设置模型燃烧参数,模拟矿井胶带巷道火灾发生时温度及烟气分布情况,研究胶带火灾的灾变规律。结果表明:风速对胶带火灾的灾变过程影响较大,当发生胶带火灾时,适当增大风速,虽会造成胶带延燃距离增长,巷道温度升高,但可以有效抑制火烟滚退,减少有毒气体CO的产生及蔓延。(3)分析比较目前自动灭火系统的特点,确定选择高压细水雾作为系统的灭火模块。设置胶带火灾高压细水雾灭火模型,模拟分析细水雾喷头布设情况对其灭火性能的影响,结果表明:喷头安设高度对细水雾的灭火效果呈二次函数分布,最佳安设高度为胶带上方1m。喷头与火源水平位置距离越大,则灭火效果越差,当水平距离超过1m时,基本失去灭火性能,仅对火势有一定的抑制作用。多喷头可以有效增强细水雾灭火性能,但启动的喷头数大于3时,细水雾灭火性能增强较少。通过模拟可以确定胶带火灾高压细水雾自动灭火系统最佳安设方式为:喷头位于胶带上方1m高度,喷头两两间隔不超过1.5m,发生胶带火灾时,启动火源上风侧1个及下风侧2个喷头,可达到较好的灭火效果。(4)根据模拟结果,结合实际情况,设计基于分布式光纤测温技术的自动灭火系统,准确把握火源位置,实现无人值守情况下对火灾进行自动快速处理的问题。
[Abstract]:Most coal mines in China use flame-retardant belt conveyer, but due to the complicated mine environment, the spontaneous combustion of coal, electric spark and open fire may still ignite the belt fire under certain conditions. Once the belt fire, the fire spread rapidly, the temperature of the adjacent roadway in the fire source area is rapidly rising, and a large number of toxic and harmful gases will come into the lower wind side with the wind. Each mining area threatens the life safety of the underground personnel. It is very important to study the catastrophic process of the mine belt fire disaster and quickly and accurately grasp the air flow state in the mine belt fire, the temperature distribution and the spread of the fire smoke, which is of great significance for the field command disaster relief and the protection of the life safety of the underground personnel. It has become an urgent problem to study the automatic monitoring and extinguishing system of mine belt conveyor, find and control the belt fire in time, reduce the property loss caused by the fire, and protect the life safety of the underground personnel. This paper, starting from the cause of the belt fire, studies the burning characteristics of the fire code type combustible material as a breakthrough point and adopts the site. The research method of sampling analysis, experimental research and numerical simulation calculus is studied, focusing on the combustion characteristics of the flammable material in the belt fire, the law of the calamity of the belt fire, the influence factors of the water mist fire extinguishing characteristics, and on this basis, the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement technology and the water mist fire extinguishing technology are combined. The automatic fire extinguishing system of the fine water mist of the belt conveyer of the mine belt conveyer with the cloth fiber temperature measurement technology is used to realize the automatic handling of the belt fire under the unattended condition. The main research work and results are as follows: (1) the causes of the fire in the mine belt fire are analyzed, the general development law of the belt fire in the mine well is summarized, and the fire theory is based on the theory of fire. The cone calorimeter test is carried out on the combustion characteristics of typical combustible materials in coal mine belt fire. The maximum heat release rate of the coal remains is 138kw/m2, the maximum heat release rate of the flame retardant adhesive tape is 285kw/m2, which provides reference for the numerical simulation of mine belt fire. (2) using the fire dynamic simulation software PyroSim, combined with Shenjia coal in Gaoping City The actual situation of the mine transportation inclined shaft, create the mine belt fire model, according to the characteristic of the typical combustible material in the belt fire, set the model combustion parameters, simulate the temperature and the smoke distribution of the mine belt tunnel fire, and study the law of the catastrophe of the belt fire. The result shows that the wind speed has a catastrophic effect on the belt fire. In the case of belt fire, the proper increase of wind speed can cause the increase of the distance of the belt and the increase of the temperature of the roadway, but it can effectively restrain the rolling and rolling of the fire smoke and reduce the production and spread of the toxic gas CO. (3) analyze and compare the characteristics of the current automatic fire extinguishing system, and determine the selection of the high pressure fine water mist as a system fire extinguishing module. The effect of the setting of the sprinkler head on the fire extinguishing performance is simulated and analyzed. The results show that the fire extinguishing effect of the sprinkler height to the water mist is two function distribution, the best setting height is the greater distance between the 1m. sprinkler and the fire source level above the tape, the worse the fire extinguishing effect is, when the horizontal distance is at the horizontal distance. When more than 1m, the fire extinguishing performance is basically lost, only the fire can be suppressed to a certain extent. The multi sprinkler can effectively enhance the water mist fire extinguishing performance, but when the number of the sprays is more than 3, the fire extinguishing performance of the fine water mist is less enhanced. With the height of 1m above and the 22 interval of the nozzle not more than 1.5m, when the belt fire is fire, 1 and 2 sprinklers on the wind side and the lower wind side can be started. (4) according to the simulation results and the actual situation, the automatic fire extinguishing system based on the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement technology is designed to accurately grasp the location of the fire source and realize the unattended situation. The problem of automatic and rapid fire treatment in the case of fire.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD752

【相似文献】