黄铜矿与磁黄铁矿浮选分离的机理研究及技术应用

发布时间：2018-06-04 13:45

本文选题：黄铜矿 + 磁黄铁矿　；参考：《江西理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：磁黄铁矿主要有六方磁黄铁矿和单斜磁黄铁矿两种晶系结构,两种晶型的磁黄铁矿可浮性差异较大,单斜磁黄铁矿的疏水性和可浮性好于六方磁黄铁矿,且相比六方磁黄铁矿难以被抑制,其可浮性与黄铜矿相近,固黄铜矿与单斜磁黄铁矿的浮选分离较为困难。本论文通过单矿物的浮选行为研究筛选出黄铜矿的高效选择捕收剂和磁黄铁矿的强抑制剂;采用总有机碳TOC、红外光谱测试浮选药剂在纯矿物表面的吸附量和吸附方式来分析药剂在矿物表面的作用机理;最后将开发的选矿新药剂应用于实际矿石的浮选试验中。研究的主要结论如下:通过考察捕收剂、铜离子、抑制剂及矿浆pH条件对黄铜矿和磁黄铁矿浮选行为影响的试验研究,得出以下结果:丁基钠黄药、酯105、XKP-01、D12+A6、XKCP-05这五种捕收剂对黄铜矿的捕收力强弱为:XKCP-05XKP-01D12+A6酯105丁基钠黄药,对磁黄铁矿的捕收性能为:丁基钠黄药XKP-01酯105D12+A6XKCP-05,新型捕收剂XKCP-05对黄铜矿有最好的选择捕收性;腐植酸钠、木质素磺酸钠、氯化钙、羧化壳聚糖、氯化钙+腐植酸钠、海藻酸钠几种有机高分子抑制剂对黄铜矿的抑制性能强弱为:木质素磺酸钠海藻酸钠氯化钙腐植酸钠氯化钙+腐植酸钠羧化壳聚糖,而对磁黄铁矿的抑制性能强弱为:羧化壳聚糖海藻酸钠氯化钙+腐植酸钠腐植酸钠木质素磺酸钠氯化钙,羧化壳聚糖为黄铜矿、磁黄铁矿浮选分离的高效选择抑制剂。通过测定浮选捕收剂和抑制剂在黄铜矿及磁黄铁矿表面的总有机碳值来表征浮选药剂在矿物表面的吸附行为:得出五种捕收剂中XKCP-05在黄铜矿表面的吸附量最大,在磁黄铁矿表面的吸附量最小,是XKCP-05对黄铜矿浮选的选择捕收性最好的原因,碱性矿浆pH条件下XKCP-05在磁黄铁矿表面的吸附量减少,验证了XKCP-05对黄铜矿的选择捕收性最好;有机高分子抑制剂羧化壳聚糖在磁黄铁矿表面的吸附作用最强,对磁黄铁矿的抑制效果最显著,在黄铜矿表面的吸附较弱,对黄铜矿的疏水性影响甚微。捕收剂XKCP-05和抑制剂羧化壳聚糖分别在黄铜矿、磁黄铁矿表面作用前后的红外光谱可知:黄铜矿及磁黄铁矿表面出现了新的伸缩振动峰并发生了位移偏振,捕收剂XKCP-05和抑制剂羧化壳聚糖在黄铜矿及磁黄铁矿表面发生了物理吸附和化学吸附。青海赛什塘铜矿选矿试验验证了采用捕收剂XKCP-05、抑制剂“石灰+羧化壳聚糖”最为合适,经一粗两精一扫的闭路试验流程可获得铜品位21.85%、金品位1.45g/t、银品位384.50g/t,铜的回收率94.37%、金的回收率25.01%、银的回收率68.46%的铜精矿,相比采用捕收剂为“D12+A6”的原工艺铜、金及银的回收率分别提高了3.91、6.09及16.56个百分点;且工艺流程上减少了一个精选作业和一个扫选作业,降低了工艺成本。
[Abstract]:Pyrrhotite mainly has two crystal system structures: hexagonal pyrrhotite and monoclinic pyrrhotite. The floatability of the two types of pyrrhotite is quite different, and the hydrophobicity and floatability of monoclinic pyrrhotite are better than that of hexagonal pyrrhotite. Compared with hexagonal pyrrhotite, the floatability of pyrrhotite is similar to that of chalcopyrite, and the flotation separation of solid chalcopyrite and monoclinic pyrrhotite is more difficult than that of hexagonal pyrrhotite. In this paper, the flotation behavior of single mineral was studied to screen out the highly selective collector of chalcopyrite and the strong depressant of pyrrhotite. The adsorption amount and adsorption mode of flotation reagents on the surface of pure minerals were measured by using total organic carbon TOC.The new flotation reagent was applied to the flotation tests of real ores at last. The main conclusions are as follows: by investigating the effects of collector, copper ion, depressant and pulp pH on flotation behavior of chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite, the following results are obtained: Ding Ji sodium xanthate, The collection power of the five collectors for chalcopyrite is: XKCP-05XKP-01D12 A6 xanthate 105 Ding Ji sodium xanthate, and the collection performance of Ding Ji sodium xanthate XKP-01 ester 105D12 A6XKCP-05, the new collector XKCP-05 has the best ability to capture chalcopyrite, sodium humate, sodium humic acid, sodium humate, sodium humate, Sodium lignosulfonate, calcium chloride, carboxylated chitosan, calcium chloride humate, The inhibition of sodium alginate on chalcopyrite is as follows: sodium lignosulfonate sodium alginate sodium humic acid sodium calcium humate sodium chloride sodium humate sodium chloride chitosan; The inhibitory properties of pyrrhotite are: sodium carboxylate chitosan sodium alginate calcium humate sodium lignosulfonate sodium calcium chloride carboxylation chitosan as chalcopyrite and high efficiency selective depressant for separation of pyrrhotite. The adsorption behavior of flotation reagents on the surface of chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite was characterized by measuring the total organic carbon values of flotation collectors and depressants on the surface of chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite. The smallest amount of adsorption on the surface of pyrrhotite is the best reason for the selective collection of chalcopyrite flotation by XKCP-05. The decrease of adsorption amount of XKCP-05 on pyrrhotite surface at pH of alkaline pulp proves that XKCP-05 has the best selective capture of chalcopyrite. The adsorption of organic polymer inhibitor carboxylation chitosan on the surface of pyrrhotite is the strongest, the inhibition effect on pyrrhotite is the most obvious, and the adsorption on the surface of chalcopyrite is weak, which has little effect on the hydrophobicity of chalcopyrite. The infrared spectra of collector XKCP-05 and inhibitor carboxylation chitosan on the surface of chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite show that there are new stretching vibration peaks and displacement polarization on the surface of chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite. Physical and chemical adsorption of collector XKCP-05 and inhibitor carboxylated chitosan on chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite surface was observed. The dressing test of Sesitang Copper Mine in Qinghai Province proved that the collector XKCP-05 is the most suitable for the inhibitor "Lime carboxylation chitosan". Through the closed circuit test of one coarse, two fine and one sweep, the copper grade is 21.85, the gold grade is 1.45 g / t, the silver grade is 384.50 g / t, the copper recovery rate is 94.37g / t, the gold recovery rate is 25.01, and the silver recovery rate is 68.46%. Compared with the original process copper, the collector is "D12A6". The recoveries of gold and silver increased by 3.91% 6.09 and 16.56% respectively, and the process cost was reduced by one cleaning operation and one scavenging operation.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD923

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