弓长岭高台阶排土场稳定性及几何参数优化研究

发布时间：2018-06-05 14:08

本文选题：排土场稳定性分析 + 标准PSO算法　；参考：《辽宁科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着露天矿开采技术和效率的不断提高,其废石产量迅速增加。矿山需要更大的空间去容纳激增的废石,结合我国排土场相关土地政策,排土场增高成为必然趋势,其失稳风险也将大大增加。本文以弓长岭独木排土场为研究对象,利用不同方法对其稳定性和边坡几何参数优化进行深入研究。主要研究工作及结论如下:(1)为获取散体物料在排土场空间的分布规律和研究所需的物理力学参数,通过对弓长岭独木排土场进行现场调查和查阅相关地质及文献资料,并结合前人的相关研究成果,利用MATLAB分析获取了散体物料在排土场空间的分布规律和研究所需的物理力学参数。(2)为解决标准PSO算法协调全局和局部搜索能力不足的问题,以标准PSO算法原理为基础,提出了构造既与迭代次数有关又与距全局最优位置距离有关的惯性权值改进策略和将变异思想引入标准PSO算法的算法融合改进策略,并借助4种经典测验函数进行测验。结果表明:与标准PSO算法相比较,改进的PSO算法搜索精度和搜索效率都明显提高。(3)为考虑粒径分级对排土场稳定性的影响,提出了建立分层模型的建模方法;为解决极限平衡法中利用传统方法搜索最危险滑动面时易陷入局部最优解的问题和利用改进的PSO算法搜索最危险滑动面时目标函数存在大量简化的问题,提出了基于BP-改进的PSO算法的极限平衡稳定性分析方法。利用该法和有限差分软件FLAC对正常、降雨两种工况下的排土场稳定性进行分析。结果表明:两种方法分析所得稳定性系数非常接近,稳定性分析结果精确、可靠;降雨工况下,排土场稳定性系数有所下降,但仍大于1.350处于稳定状态,排土场安全储备较大;该排土场滑坡模式为上部受拉破坏,中部剪切作用,圆弧滑面至下部表土层沿水平层剪切破坏。(4)为高效精确的解决排土场边坡几何参数优化问题,提出了基于BP-改进的PSO算法的边坡几何参数优化方法。本文利用该法和传统优化算法对边坡几何参数优化模型进行寻优,并利用极限平衡法对增容后的稳定性进行检验。结果表明:两种算法所得最优解相差不大,但基于BP-改进的PSO算法的边坡几何参数优化方法的迭代次数更少,搜索效率更高;增容后排土场的稳定性接近1.20,符合安全储备要求;排土场优化结果精确、可靠,将大大增加排土场容积、增加矿山的经济效益。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of mining technology and efficiency, the output of waste rock increases rapidly. The mine needs more space to accommodate the surge of waste rock. Combined with the relevant land policy of dump in our country, the increase of dump becomes an inevitable trend, and the risk of instability will be greatly increased. In this paper, the stability and optimization of slope geometric parameters are studied by using different methods, taking the Dumu dump of Gongchangling as the research object. The main research work and conclusions are as follows: (1) in order to obtain the distribution law of bulk materials in the dump space and the physical and mechanical parameters needed for the study, the site of Gongchangling Dumu dump was investigated and the relevant geological and literature data were consulted. In order to solve the problem of insufficient global and local search ability of standard PSO algorithm, the distribution law of bulk materials in the dump space and the physical and mechanical parameters required for research are obtained by using MATLAB, combined with the related research results of predecessors, in order to solve the problem that the standard PSO algorithm has insufficient ability to coordinate global and local search. Based on the principle of standard PSO algorithm, an improved strategy of inertial weight is proposed, which is not only related to the iteration times but also to the distance from the global optimal position, and the improved algorithm fusion strategy is introduced to introduce the mutation idea into the standard PSO algorithm. And with the help of four classical test functions to test. The results show that compared with the standard PSO algorithm, the improved PSO algorithm improves the search accuracy and search efficiency obviously. In order to consider the influence of particle size classification on the stability of dump, a modeling method of layered model is proposed. In order to solve the problem that the limit equilibrium method is easy to fall into the local optimal solution when the most dangerous sliding surface is searched by the traditional method and the objective function when searching the most dangerous sliding surface by using the improved PSO algorithm, there is a large number of simplified problems. A method of limit equilibrium stability analysis based on BP- improved PSO algorithm is proposed. The stability of dump under normal and rainfall conditions was analyzed by using FLAC and FLAC. The results show that the stability coefficient obtained by the two methods is very close, the stability analysis results are accurate and reliable, and the stability coefficient of the dump decreases somewhat under rainfall condition, but is still in a stable state more than 1.350, and the safety reserve of the dump is large. The landslide mode of the dump is upper tensile failure, middle shear action and shear failure of circular arc sliding surface to the lower surface along the horizontal layer. It is an efficient and accurate method to solve the problem of optimizing the geometric parameters of the dump slope. The optimization method of slope geometric parameters based on BP- improved PSO algorithm is proposed. In this paper, the method and the traditional optimization algorithm are used to optimize the geometric parameter optimization model of slope, and the limit equilibrium method is used to test the stability of the slope after increasing capacity. The results show that the optimal solutions obtained by the two algorithms are not different, but the BP- improved PSO algorithm has fewer iterations and higher search efficiency, and the stability of the dump is close to 1.20, which meets the requirement of safety reserve. The optimized result of dump is accurate and reliable, which will greatly increase the volume of dump and increase the economic benefit of mine.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD854.7

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