大红山铜矿块石尾砂胶结充填工艺试验研究与应用

发布时间：2018-06-06 13:43

本文选题：空场嗣后充填采矿法 + 复杂受力环境　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着矿产资源开采技术的发展,无废开采已经成为采矿技术发展的必然趋势。空场嗣后连续开采工艺具有生产效率高、资源回采强度大、节省尾砂堆存场所、减少环境污染、降低贫化损失指标、能有效控制采区地压等优势,越来越受到人们的重视。该工艺将阶段划分为一步矿房和二步矿房,先采一步矿房,采后进行胶结充填,待其凝结后,再回采二步矿房,采后用水砂充填。由于一步胶结充填体稳定性受自身外形尺寸及复杂受力环境的影响,使得设计合理的强度确保胶结充填体在回采过程中的稳定性成为该法成功应用的关键性技术难题。大红山铜矿B88-92-3盘区,采用空场嗣后充填采矿法,盘区设计高度70m,长度89m,宽度30m。为节约充填成本,盘区中部矿柱设计宽度仅为10mm,采用块石尾砂胶结充填。该胶结矿柱高宽比为7：1,长宽比为3：1,为典型的“高、窄、长”胶结矿柱,受外形尺寸影响胶结矿柱所需强度较高。根据矿山的实际采充顺序,胶结矿柱在盘区回采过程中将先后暴露2次,单侧临空面高,暴露面积较大。盘区回采程中,胶结矿柱前期要求自立,后期不仅要求自立同时还要承载顶部岩体压力和水砂侧向压力,受力环境复杂多变。论文以大红山B88-92-3盘区胶结矿柱强度设计为研究背景,总结了国内外确定胶结充填体强度的方法,分为经验类比法、强度模型法和数值分析方法。经分析认为：①经验类比法科学性不足,带有较强的主观性；②强度模型法适用条件单一,仅能计算“自立”性或“承载”性胶结矿柱的强度计算,不能计算复杂受力环境下胶结充填体的强度。因此,论文采用数值模拟方法计算B88-92-3盘区胶结矿柱所需强度。首先采用弹性算法,确定胶结矿柱极限平衡状态下的强度参数；其次以弹性方案确定的参数为基础,进行弹塑性数值计算分析,确定了B88-92-3盘区胶结矿柱可在强度参数为内聚力0.8Mpa、内摩擦角31°的情况下保持稳定,并通过莫尔-库伦准则计算出胶结矿柱所需最大强度为2.77Mpa。在确定胶结矿柱强度的基础上,通过实验分析确定了在空区内先下块石,后下胶结料浆或者同时下料的充填方式,开展半工业实验确定了胶结料浆配合比。胶结料浆在水泥添加量为300kg/m3,浓度为70%—72%的条件下,不仅能实现管输自流,而且胶结料浆包裹块石的效果最好。由于胶结矿柱较高,不可能实现一次充填,根据胶结料浆在块石里的渗透高度(3.5m),将胶结矿柱在全高上设计为分层充填体,分层高度5m。以论文中设计的参数开展工业试验。工业实践表明：大红山B88-92-3盘区胶结矿柱在盘区回采过程中保持了自身的稳定性和整体性,为盘区回采提供了安全可靠的作业环境。证明了论文中所设计强度参数的合理性。论文不仅解决了大红山铜矿B88-92-3盘区“高、窄、长”复杂受力环境下胶结矿柱强度设计的难题,而且为大红铜矿胶结矿柱强度的确定提供了设计方法,同时为大红山铜矿推广块石尾砂胶结充填以实现降低水泥用量、节省生产成本提供了技术支撑,具有广大的推广价值。
[Abstract]:With the development of mineral resources mining technology, no waste mining has become an inevitable trend in the development of mining technology. The open subsequent continuous mining technology has high production efficiency, large resource recovery intensity, save the tailings storage site, reduce environmental pollution, reduce the dilution loss index, and effectively control the ground pressure in the mining area, and more and more people have received more and more people. The process is divided into one step ore house and two step ore house, first step mine room, after mining and cemented filling, after its condensation, then two steps of mining and filling with water sand. Because the stability of the one step cementing filling body is affected by its own shape size and complex stress ring, the reasonable design strength ensures the cementation charge. The stability of the filling in the recovery process has become a key technical problem for the successful application of this method. The B88-92-3 disk area of the great Hongshan copper mine adopts the empty field subsequent filling mining method, the design height of the disc area is 70m, the length is 89m, the width 30m. is the filling cost, the design width of the central pillar in the middle of the disk area is only 10mm, and the cemented ore is filled with the block stone tailings. The column height to width ratio is 7:1 and the ratio of length to width is 3:1. It is a typical "high, narrow, long" cemented pillar. The strength of the cemented pillar is higher by the shape size. According to the actual mining order of the mine, the cemented pillar will be exposed to 2 times in the disk mining process, the single side face is high, and the exposed area is large. In the plate area recovery process, the cemented pillar is in the early stage. In this paper, the strength design of cemented pluton in the B88-92-3 disk area of Da Hongshan is studied. The method of determining the strength of cemented filling body at home and abroad is summarized, which is divided into empirical analogy method, strength model method and numerical analysis. Method. After analysis, it is believed that: (1) the empirical analogy method is not scientific and has strong subjectivity; secondly, the strength model method can only calculate the strength of the "self standing" or "bearing" cemented pillar, and can not calculate the strength of the cemented filling body under the complex stress environment. Therefore, the numerical simulation method is used to calculate the B8. The strength required for the cemented pillar in the 8-92-3 disk area. First, the elastic algorithm is used to determine the strength parameters under the limit equilibrium state of the cemented pillar. Secondly, based on the parameters determined by the elastic scheme, the elastoplastic numerical calculation and analysis are carried out. It is determined that the cemented pillar in the B88-92-3 disk area can be the cohesive 0.8Mpa and the internal friction angle of 31 degrees. The maximum strength required by the Mohr Kulun criterion is to calculate the maximum strength of the cemented pillar of 2.77Mpa.. On the basis of determining the strength of the cemented pillar, through the experimental analysis, the first block stone, the back cementation slurry or the filling method of the material at the same time are determined by the experimental analysis. The cemented slurry mixture ratio is determined by the semi industrial experiment. The cementing slurry is determined. Under the condition of the cement adding amount of 300kg/m3 and the concentration of 70% - 72%, it can not only achieve the self flow of pipe transportation, but also the best effect of the cemented slurry wrapping block stone. Because the cemented pillar is high, it can not be filled in one time. According to the penetration height of the cemented slurry in the block stone (3.5m), the cemented pillar is designed as a stratified filling body at all height and stratified. The industrial practice of high 5m. is carried out with the parameters designed in the paper. Industrial practice shows that the stability and integrity of the cemented pillar in the B88-92-3 disk area of the great red mountain maintain its own stability and integrity in the process of disk recovery. It provides a safe and reliable working environment for the recovery of the disk area. The strength design of cemented pillar in the B88-92-3 area of the great Hongshan copper mine is "high, narrow and long". It provides a design method for the determination of the strength of the cemented pillar of the big red copper mine. At the same time, it provides technical support for reducing the amount of water and mud and saving the cost of production by applying the cemented filling of the block stone tailings in the big red copper mine. It has broad popularization value.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD853.34

【参考文献】