深井巷道围岩再造承载层控制机理研究

发布时间：2018-06-08 18:27

本文选题：再造承载层 + 承载复合体　；参考：《河南理工大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：随着矿井开采深度的增加,巷道围岩变形增大,控制难度加剧,如何有效控制巷道围岩变形已成为实现矿井高产高效开采的关键问题之一。针对深井大变形巷道,提出了再造承载层支护理念,即通过再造承载层(改善巷道周边一定范围内岩层的力学性能)来产生利于巷道稳定的大环境,再辅以基本支护改善其小环境以达到控制巷道围岩变形的目的。运用理论分析、相似材料模拟试验与数值模拟等手段,对再造承载层的合理参数、控制机理、实现方法进行研究。对一系列承载复合体进行了单轴压缩实验,得到了承载层各因素与承载复合体强度之间的关系,其中,当承载层厚度占承载复合体厚度的60%~70%以上时,承载复合体强度趋向于承载层的强度。运用摩尔强度理论以及能量转换角度解释承载复合体的强度规律。将单轴压缩试验结果与弹塑性力学相结合,分析再造承载层巷道围岩的塑性区及表面位移,得到承载层的合理长度应与塑性区半径相同,承载层的厚度在条件允许的情况下应尽可能的增大。通过正交数值模拟试验,分析巷道塑性区体积及表面位移对承载层因素的敏感度。当承载层在两帮时,分析两帮垂直应力得出:随着承载厚度的增加,帮部浅部应力提高,深部应力降低,两帮的受力均匀化;随着承载层长度增加,峰值应力不断减小,峰值位置向深部转移。承载层厚度合理值为巷道高度的3/4,合理长度应与原岩巷道的帮部塑性区长度相近。提出了承载层的实现方法即两帮安设钢管并注浆,其中形成的钢管混凝土桩同时具有梁与锚杆的作用。巷道两帮再造承载层的相似材料试验表明:再造承载层支护巷道与裸巷相比,顶板与两帮的破坏范围可以有效减少,但不能减缓底臌现象,反而令底鼓量明显增大,采用再造承载层与基本支护联合支护后,可以全面减小巷道围岩的破坏范围。巷道两帮再造承载层通过提高帮部承载力,使其所受垂直应力均匀化,能够减小巷道围岩位移及塑性区分布,是对深井巷道围岩控制的一种新尝试。
[Abstract]:With the increase of mine mining depth, the surrounding rock deformation of roadway increases and the control difficulty intensifies. How to effectively control the surrounding rock deformation of roadway has become one of the key problems to realize high yield and high efficiency mining. Aiming at deep mine roadway with large deformation, this paper puts forward the idea of reconstructing bearing layer support, that is, by reconstructing bearing layer (improving the mechanical properties of rock layer in a certain range around the roadway) to produce a large environment conducive to the stability of roadway. In order to control the surrounding rock deformation of roadway, the basic support is used to improve the small environment. By means of theoretical analysis, simulation test of similar materials and numerical simulation, the reasonable parameters, control mechanism and realization method of the reconstituted bearing layer are studied. Uniaxial compression experiments were carried out on a series of load-bearing complexes, and the relationship between the factors of bearing layer and the strength of load-bearing complex was obtained, in which, when the thickness of bearing layer accounted for more than 60% of the thickness of load-bearing complex, The strength of bearing complex tends to the strength of bearing layer. Molar strength theory and energy conversion angle are used to explain the strength law of bearing complex. Combining the results of uniaxial compression test with elastoplastic mechanics, the plastic zone and surface displacement of surrounding rock of roadway in reconstructing bearing layer are analyzed. The reasonable length of bearing layer should be the same as the radius of plastic zone. The thickness of the bearing layer should be as large as possible when conditions permit. The sensitivity of the plastic zone volume and surface displacement of roadway to the factors of bearing layer is analyzed by orthogonal numerical simulation test. When the bearing layer is in the two sides, the vertical stress of the two sides is analyzed. It is concluded that with the increase of the bearing thickness, the shallow stress increases, the deep stress decreases, and the stress of the two sides is uniform, and the peak stress decreases with the increase of the bearing layer length. The peak value is transferred to the deep. The reasonable value of bearing layer thickness is 3 / 4 of the height of roadway, and the reasonable length should be close to the plastic zone length of the original rock roadway. The realization method of bearing layer is put forward, that is, two bars of steel pipe are installed and grouting, in which the concrete filled steel tube pile has the function of both beam and anchor rod at the same time. The test of similar materials for the two reclaimed bearing layers of roadway shows that compared with bare roadway, the damaged range of roof and two bars can be reduced effectively, but the phenomenon of floor heave can not be alleviated, but the amount of floor heave is obviously increased. The failure range of surrounding rock of roadway can be reduced by using combined support of reconstituted bearing layer and basic support. It is a new attempt to control the surrounding rock of deep roadway by improving the bearing capacity of roadway and homogenizing the vertical stress which can reduce the displacement of roadway surrounding rock and the distribution of plastic zone.
【学位授予单位】：河南理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD353

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