矿井巷道地震波超前勘探的正演模拟研究

发布时间：2018-06-09 17:04

本文选题：弹性波 + 超前勘探　；参考：《山东科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在巷道掘进和煤炭开采的过程中,经常会遇到断层等地质异常体,这些地质异常体是诱发煤与瓦斯突出、矿井突水等事故发生的地质因素,不仅影响了巷道的掘进进度,严重时还会造成人员伤亡等事故,所以开展地震勘探探明掌子面前方断层的赋存状态的研究是十分必要的。本文通过对地震波超前勘探理论的详细研究,以弹性理论的三个基本方程推出了各向同性介质的波动方程。并以此进一步推导出了一阶速度-应力波动方程。依据交错网格有限差分原理,推导出了一阶速度-应力方程的交错网格有限差分的形式,并给出了初始条件、稳定性条件和震源函数的具体形式。通量校正传输与提高差分精度结合起来能消除数值频散,得到比较清晰的波场快照。使用完全匹配层对边界进行处理,很好的吸收了边界反射。以弹性波理论为基础,利用交错网格有限差分弹性波场数值模拟技术,对掌子面前方含有不同倾角的断层做了正演模拟研究。得到了弹性波在不同倾角断层下的波场特征和传播的规律,并结合地震记录得到了断层面上弹性波的能量的分配规律。三层介质的地震正演模拟,得到不同厚度断层的不同波场响应特征,随着地质界面与接收排列的距离增大,反射S波能量衰减明显,反射P波同相轴十分清晰,能量较强。本文利用矿井勘探仪对某矿3煤1302工作面的地质状况做了实地勘探,得出了断层与检波点的距离。矿井勘探仪实测得到的地震记录与本文对断层倾角60度做的正演模拟的地震记录对比,可以判断出1302工作面前方断层倾角为60度,所以矿井巷道地震波超前勘探的正演模拟研究对煤矿开采具有一定的指导意义。通过对掌子面前方含有不同倾角的断层进行弹性波场传播特性的正演模拟研究,能查清掌子面前方断层的赋存状况,结合矿井掘进方向,制定合理的掘进方案,降低断层对巷道掘进的影响,实现煤矿安全高效生产具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:In the course of tunnel excavation and coal mining, geological anomalies such as faults such as faults are often encountered. These geological anomalies are geological factors that induce coal and gas outburst, mine water inrush and other accidents, which not only affect the tunneling progress, but also cause casualties and other accidents. The study of the existing state of the square fault is very necessary. In this paper, the wave equation of the isotropic medium is derived by three basic equations of the elastic theory, and the wave equation of the first order velocity stress is derived by the detailed study of the theory of seismic wave ahead exploration. The form of the staggered grid finite difference of the first order velocity stress equation, and the initial condition, the stability condition and the specific form of the source function are given. The combination of the flux correction transmission and the improvement of the difference precision can eliminate the numerical dispersion and get a clearer wave field snapshot. The complete matching layer is used to deal with the boundary, which is very good absorption. The boundary reflection is received. Based on the elastic wave theory and using the staggered grid finite differential elastic wave field numerical simulation technique, the forward simulation of the faults with different dip angles in front of the front face is studied. The wave field characteristics and the laws of propagation of elastic waves at different inclination faults are obtained, and the projectile on the fault plane is obtained with the seismic record. The distribution law of the energy of the sexual wave. The seismic forward modeling of the three layer medium obtains the response characteristics of different wave fields with different thickness faults. With the increase of the distance between the geological interface and the receiving arrangement, the energy attenuation of the reflected S wave is obvious, the reflection P wave is very clear and the energy is strong. This article uses the mine exploration instrument to the 1302 working face of a mine 3 coal. The quality condition has been explored in the field, and the distance between the fault and the detection point is obtained. The recorded seismic records obtained by the mine exploration instrument and the forward simulation of the 60 degree simulation of the fault dip can be used to determine that the inclination angle of the fault in front of the 1302 work is 60 degrees, so the forward simulation of the seismic wave exploration in the mine roadway is used to study the coal. Mining has a certain guiding significance. Through the forward simulation study of the propagation characteristics of elastic wave field with different dip angles in front of the front of the palm, it can find out the occurrence of the fault in front of the palm, and combine the direction of the mine, make a reasonable driving plan, reduce the influence of the fault on the tunnel heading, and realize the high safety of the coal mine. Effective production is of great significance.
【学位授予单位】：山东科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD166

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