基于X射线的选煤厂块煤和块矸分选系统的研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 20:13

本文选题：X射线 + 选煤厂　；参考：《安徽理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：煤和矸石的分选始终是煤炭资源开发利用首先要解决的问题,绿色选煤要求对环境的影响尽可能的小,对于粒度较小(50mm)的煤采用重介旋流器入洗很流行,其中极细的煤(0.045mm)可以通过浮选的方式处理,但对于大块的煤和矸石,现在仍有很多选煤厂采用传统方式,通过选矸工在原煤准备环节的皮带上通过生产经验,付出幸苦的劳动,将大块的矸石和杂物去除。这个环节是很重要的,在煤和矸石分选前将大块矸石去除,可以大大降低入选原煤的灰分,节约了破碎分选过程的能耗,提高生产效率。论文通过对来自淮北杨庄煤场的煤样实验分析。首先选取大块适合加工的煤样,先用钻孔取样机对大块的煤矸取样,得到圆柱体的样品,使用石材切割机对圆柱体样品大概高度进行加工,使每组样品中高度有所区别,对这些切割后的样品使用磨矿机进一步加工的到规整的圆柱体,同时使每组样品的高度尽可能的按照"3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10"的高度排列。完成了制样工作后采用X射线检测仪对所制得的样品检测,调整不同的参数值,主要是调整不同的电流电压,获得一系列的检测图像,对于这些图像,将其转化为灰度图片,分析它们对应的归一化灰度直方图,在软件matlab的环境下编写一些函数来计算一个特征值来表示对于某个特定样品在一定的电压电流的条件下,在检测仪所产生的图片,据此来研究如何在辨别矸石的过程中应用用X射线。对于物料的分散排列机构和自动排矸机构进行了一定的研究,分别应用了开环的和带有反馈的控制规律,对于硬件机构做了一定的设想,并对于该机构的正常运行,通过PLC结合传感器和执行器,初步完善了这些设想,对于PLC做了选型和梯形图程序的编写。
[Abstract]:The separation of coal and gangue has always been the first problem to be solved in the development and utilization of coal resources. Green coal preparation requires that the impact on the environment be as small as possible. For coal with a smaller particle size of 50 mm), it is very popular to use heavy medium cyclone for washing coal. The extremely fine coal can be treated by flotation, but for large blocks of coal and gangue, there are still many coal preparation plants that adopt the traditional way, through the production experience on the belt of the raw coal preparation link, to work happily and painstakingly. Remove large pieces of gangue and debris. This link is very important. Removing large gangue before coal and gangue separation can greatly reduce ash content of raw coal, save energy consumption in crushing and sorting process, and improve production efficiency. This paper analyzes the coal samples from Yangzhuang coal farm in Huaibei. First of all, select the large coal sample suitable for processing, first, sample the bulk coal gangue by drilling the prototype, get the sample of the cylinder, use the stone cutting machine to process the cylinder sample about height, so that the height of each group of samples is different. These cut samples are further processed into regular cylinders by a mill, and the height of each set of samples is arranged as high as possible according to the height of "3'4'4'5'5'6'7'7'/ 8'/ 9'10". After the sample preparation was finished, the sample was detected by X-ray detector, and different parameter values were adjusted, mainly by adjusting different current and voltage to obtain a series of detection images. For these images, the images were transformed into grayscale images. By analyzing their corresponding normalized gray histograms, we write some functions in the software matlab environment to calculate an eigenvalue to represent the images generated by the detector under the condition of a certain voltage and current for a particular sample. The application of X-ray in the identification of gangue is studied. In this paper, the dispersing and arranging mechanism of materials and the automatic gangue mechanism are studied. The open loop and feedback control laws are applied, and the hardware mechanism is envisaged, and the normal operation of the mechanism is also discussed. Through the combination of sensors and actuators with PLC, these ideas are preliminarily perfected, and the PLC is selected and the program of ladder diagram is compiled.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD94

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