伊利石粘土的插层改性研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 19:03

本文选题：伊利石粘土 + 插层改性　；参考：《华北理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：粘土的插层改性是通过插层的方法将插层剂分子引入到粘土的层状结构中,通过插层剂的柱撑作用,增大粘土层间距,改变粘土层间域环境,从而达到改善粘土性能的目的。伊利石粘土是一种资源丰富且分布广泛的粘土矿物,但由于其层间结合力强,插层剂分子进入层结构中比较困难,对伊利石粘土插层改性的研究还很少。因此研究选择合适的插层方法和引导剂对伊利石粘土进行插层改性具有重要的现实意义。选用乙酸钾、尿素、DMSO等极性小分子为插层剂对伊利石粘土插层改性,并借助微波处理促进插层过程。通过X射线和红外光谱分析表征插层过程对层间域结构的影响。结果表明,龙岩土和Exbland-SG粘土层间距d002由10.06?增大到14.29?。通过扫描电镜、激光粒度仪、分光光度计等对插层改性粘土的粒径分布和吸附性能进行分析,插层改性粘土的平均粒径由3.714μm下降到2.881μm,且颗粒尺寸分布范围变窄,粗颗粒减少。改性后伊利石粘土的吸附性能提高,以插层改性龙岩土对亚甲基蓝的吸附为例,常温下最大吸附量达到28.49 mg/g,吸附量提高42%。同时以小分子量的聚丙烯酸为插层剂,分别采用原位聚合法和溶液法对伊利石粘土进行了插层改性,溶液法成功制备出聚合物插层伊利石粘土。对聚合物改性粘土的可加工性能测试结果表明,粘土的可加工性能得到改善,以分子量为1800g/mol的聚丙烯酸为插层剂,含水量为20 wt%的改性河南瓷石泥料的可塑性由未改性时的0.37 m·N增大到1.68 m·N,增大了465%。
[Abstract]:The intercalation modification of clay is to introduce intercalant molecules into the layered structure of clay by intercalation. Through the pillared support of intercalating agent, the spacing of clay layers is increased, and the environment of clay interlayer is changed, thus the properties of clay are improved. Illite clay is a kind of clay mineral which is rich in resources and widely distributed. However, due to its strong interlaminar binding force, it is difficult for intercalant molecules to enter the layer structure, so the research on the intercalation modification of Illite clay is rare. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to select the appropriate intercalation method and guidance agent for the intercalation modification of Illite clay. Illite clay was intercalated with potassium acetate, urea DMSO and other polar molecules, and the intercalation process was promoted by microwave treatment. The effect of intercalation process on the interlayer structure was characterized by X-ray and infrared spectroscopy. The results show that the spacing between Longyan soil and Exbland-SG clay layer is from 10.06? Increase to 14.29. The particle size distribution and adsorption properties of intercalated modified clay were analyzed by scanning electron microscope, laser particle size analyzer and spectrophotometer. The average particle size of intercalated modified clay decreased from 3.714 渭 m to 2.881 渭 m, and the particle size distribution range became narrower and the coarse particles decreased. The adsorption capacity of modified Illite clay was improved. Taking the intercalated modified Longyan soil as an example, the maximum adsorption capacity of methylene blue reached 28.49 mg / g at room temperature, and the adsorption capacity increased 42%. At the same time, the intercalation modification of Illite clay was carried out by in situ polymerization and solution method with low molecular weight polyacrylic acid as intercalation agent. The polymer intercalated Illite clay was successfully prepared by solution method. The machinability test of polymer modified clay showed that the machinability of the clay was improved, and polyacrylic acid with molecular weight of 1800g/mol was used as intercalation agent. The plasticity of the modified Henan porcelain stone with water content of 20 wt% was increased from 0.37 mn to 1.68 mn, which increased 46555%.
【学位授予单位】：华北理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD97

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