矿井倾斜巷道火灾烟气运动规律及危害控制研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 12:51

本文选题：矿井火灾 + 倾斜巷道　；参考：《武汉科技大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：矿井倾斜巷道出入口存在高度差,若发生火灾,井内温度升高,气体密度减小,产生浮力效应使得高温烟气总是沿巷道自下向上流动。浮力效应可造成巷道内烟流流动状态改变,巷道倾角对烟气蔓延的影响不容忽视。本文旨在研究火灾状况下倾斜巷道烟气运动规律、烟气温度分布规律,提出利用通风对烟气蔓延进行控制的措施,为帮助矿井内工作人员安全逃生和减少相关物资损失提出建议。首先,本文结合着火巷道内烟气扩散情况,提出一种更为精确的浮力效应烟流阻力区域模型。根据能量守恒原理,建立火源区、火源下游区烟流沿程温度分布模型及浮力效应烟流阻力模型。运用MATLAB软件对某倾斜巷道求解分析,得到火灾情况下烟气浮力效应烟流阻力是火源强度、巷道倾角综合作用的结果,为确定火灾烟气运动规律及临界风速控制的影响因素提供依据。其次,借助FDS数值模拟方法,构建倾斜巷道物理模型,探究倾斜角度在0o~30o的巷道发生火灾时,烟气温度分布规律以及烟气蔓延长度变化规律。结果表明,进行正角度送风,烟气最高温度普遍低于同风速下水平巷道;进行负角度送风,烟气最高温度普遍高于风速下水平巷道,因此,不同通风模式下,为控制倾斜巷道火灾蔓延所需要的临界风速须分别讨论。最后,软件模拟研究不同的倾斜巷道、不同通风模式下的临界风速变化规律。模拟结果指出,倾斜巷道进行正角度送风,倾角的存在使得临界风速减小,拟合得到临界风速倾角修正系数为kg=0.98818-0.00765θ(θ为巷道倾角值);进行负角度送风,倾角的存在使得临界风速增大,拟合得到临界风速倾角修正系数为k_g=1.01521+0.00776θ(θ为巷道倾角值),为矿井倾斜巷道临界风速危害控制的确定提供理论基础。
[Abstract]:There is a difference in height at the entry and exit of inclined roadway. If a fire occurs, the temperature in the well increases and the gas density decreases. The buoyancy effect results in the high temperature flue gas flowing along the roadway from the bottom up. Buoyancy effect can change the flow state of flue gas in roadway, and the influence of tunnel inclination on flue gas spread can not be ignored. The purpose of this paper is to study the movement of flue gas and the distribution of flue gas temperature in inclined roadway under the condition of fire, and to put forward some measures to control the spread of flue gas by using ventilation. In order to help the safety of mine staff escape and reduce the loss of related materials. Firstly, a more accurate regional model of buoyancy effect smoke flow resistance is proposed according to the smoke diffusion in the fire tunnel. According to the principle of conservation of energy, the temperature distribution model of smoke flow along the path and the resistance model of buoyant smoke flow in the fire source region and the downstream area of the fire source are established. By using MATLAB software to solve the problem of a inclined roadway, the results of smoke resistance caused by smoke buoyancy under fire are obtained, which are caused by the intensity of fire source and the comprehensive action of roadway inclination angle. It provides the basis for determining the movement law of fire smoke and the influencing factors of critical wind speed control. Secondly, the physical model of inclined roadway is constructed with the help of the numerical simulation method of FDS, and the temperature distribution and the length of flue gas spread are studied when the inclined angle occurs in the roadway of 0o~30o. The results show that the maximum temperature of flue gas is generally lower than that of horizontal roadway under the same wind speed, and the maximum temperature of flue gas is generally higher than that of horizontal roadway under the same wind speed, so, under different ventilation modes, the maximum temperature of flue gas is generally higher than that of horizontal roadway under wind speed. The critical wind speed needed to control the fire spread of inclined roadway should be discussed separately. Finally, the software simulates the variation of critical wind speed in different inclined roadways and different ventilation modes. The simulation results show that the inclined roadway carries on the positive angle air supply, the existence of the inclination angle makes the critical wind speed decrease, the fitting results show that the correction coefficient of the critical wind speed inclination angle is kg=0.98818-0.00765 胃 (胃 is the roadway inclination angle value), and the negative angle air supply is carried out. The existence of inclination angle increases the critical wind speed. The fitting results show that the correction coefficient of critical wind velocity inclination angle is k_g=1.01521 0.00776 胃 (胃 is the angle value of roadway), which provides a theoretical basis for the determination of critical wind speed hazard control of mine inclined roadway.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD752

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