微细粒银矿浮选试验及活性炭强化浮选机理

发布时间：2018-06-21 08:30

本文选题：微细粒 + 银矿　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：银在国际金融业和制造业等领域有着重要的应用,随着我国社会和经济的迅速发展,对银矿资源的需求量正在不断增大。我国银资源储量巨大,但优质银矿正不断减少,因此,以往难处理的银矿资源,如微细粒银矿、复杂伴生银矿等,逐渐成为银的重要来源。论文研究对象为云南某银矿,原矿工艺矿物学研究表明,该矿样中矿物组成复杂,嵌布微细,铅、锌等金属含量较低,银为主要的有价元素,其品位为226.90g/t。原矿细粒级中(-0.038mm)银分布率高达33.64%,属于微细粒银矿。论文通过条件试验、流程结构试验和添加活性炭吸附浮选试验,对该矿样进行了较为系统的浮选试验研究,并对活性炭强化银矿物浮选的作用机理进行了探讨。通过浮选条件试验和流程结构试验,确定了该矿浮选回收的最佳流程为“一粗一精两扫”。浮选最佳试验条件:原矿磨矿细度-0.074mm占90%;粗选组合抑制剂六偏磷酸钠和水玻璃的配比为1:2,用量1500g/t;硫化钠用量600g/t;组合捕收剂丁基黄药和丁铵黑药的配比2:1,用量150g/t;起泡剂2#油用量40g/t;扫选Ⅰ组合抑制剂六偏磷酸钠和水玻璃的配比1:2,用量750g/t,硫化钠用量300g/t;组合捕收剂丁基黄药和丁铵黑药的配2:1,用量75g/t;起泡剂2#油用量为20g/t;扫选Ⅱ组合抑制剂六偏磷酸钠和水玻璃配比1:2,用量300g/t;硫化钠用量150g/t,组合捕收剂丁基黄药和丁铵黑药配比2:1,用量45g/t;精选只添加捕收剂丁铵黑药,用量25g/t。通过采用组合抑制剂和捕收剂,全流程闭路试验得到的精矿含银品位为6084.68g/t,回收率为62.84%。对活性炭强化银矿物浮选作用的研究表明,在磨矿阶段添加3000g/t活性炭的情况下,采用“一粗一精两扫”的全流程闭路试验得到的精矿含银品位为5377.64g/t,回收率为68.08%。由此可以看出,在添加活性炭的情况下,银精矿中的回收率较不添加的情况高出5.24个百分点。说明活性炭的添加对精矿回收率的提高有较好的效果,但如何提高精矿含银品位仍需要进一步研究。通过扫描电子显微镜对添加活性炭前后的精矿进行观察可知,活性炭对银浮选回收率的提高,主要体现在其对微细粒银矿物的吸附作用;通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪和超声波解吸脱附对两种精矿分析得知,活性炭主要通过其物理吸附特性对矿样中的微细粒银矿物进行吸附以达到强化回收银的目的。
[Abstract]:Silver is widely used in international financial industry and manufacturing industry. With the rapid development of our society and economy, the demand for silver resources is increasing. The silver reserves in China are huge, but the quality silver ore is decreasing. Therefore, the difficult silver resources, such as fine silver ore, complicated associated silver ore and so on, have gradually become an important source of silver. The object of this paper is a silver ore in Yunnan Province. The mineralogical study of the raw ore shows that the mineral composition of the sample is complex, the embedded microelements are fine, the contents of lead, zinc and other metals are relatively low, and silver is the main valuable element with a grade of 226.90 g / t. The silver distribution rate is 33.64 mm and belongs to fine silver ore. Through condition test, flow structure test and activated carbon adsorption flotation test, the flotation experiment of the ore sample was carried out systematically, and the mechanism of activated carbon strengthening silver mineral flotation was discussed. Through flotation condition test and flow structure test, the best process of flotation recovery is determined as "one coarse, one fine and two sweep". The optimum flotation test conditions are as follows: grinding fineness of raw ore is -0.074 mm, the ratio of sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium silicate is 1: 2, the dosage of sodium sulfide is 1500 g / t, the ratio of combined collector Ding Ji xanthate and ammonium butylammonium black is 2: 1, the dosage of sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium silicate is 150 g / t, the ratio of sodium sulphide and ammonium butylammonium black is 2: 1, the dosage of sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium silicate is 150 g / t; Ratio of sodium hexametaphosphate to sodium silicate 1: 2, dosage 750 g / t, sodium sulphide 300 g / t; combination collector Ding Ji xanthate and ammonium butylammonium black: 2: 1, 75 g / t; foaming agent 2# oil 20 g / t; scavenging group II The ratio of sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium silicate is 1: 2, the dosage is 300 g / t; the dosage of sodium sulfide is 150 g / t; the ratio of Ding Ji xanthate and ammonium butyrate is 2: 1 and the dosage is 45g / t; The dosage is 25 g / t. By using combined inhibitor and collector, the silver grade of concentrate is 6084.68 g / t and the recovery rate is 62.84%. The study on the effect of activated carbon on the flotation of silver minerals shows that under the condition of adding 3000g/t activated carbon in the grinding stage, the silver grade of the concentrate is 5377.64g / t and the recovery is 68.08g / t by using the closed circuit test of "one coarse, one fine and two sweep". It can be seen that the recovery of silver concentrate is 5.24% higher than that without adding activated carbon. The results show that the addition of activated carbon has a good effect on the recovery rate of concentrate, but how to improve the silver grade of concentrate still needs further study. By scanning electron microscope (SEM), the concentration of activated carbon was observed before and after the addition of activated carbon, and it was found that the increase of the recovery rate of activated carbon for silver flotation was mainly reflected in the adsorption effect of activated carbon on fine silver minerals. By means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ultrasonic desorption and desorption of two kinds of concentrate, it is found that activated carbon adsorbs silver minerals in fine particles mainly through its physical adsorption characteristics to enhance the recovery of silver.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD923;TD953

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