高构造应力区大采高覆岩灾变规律实验研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 05:21

本文选题：高构造应力 + 尖点突变　；参考：《采矿与安全工程学报》2016年06期

【摘要】：在褶皱区开采覆岩受高构造应力的条件下,开采煤层上覆坚硬岩层断裂与开采范围属于非线性问题。为研究该条件下覆岩灾变规律,应用材料力学的弯曲梁理论,对相邻坚硬岩层建立简化的力学模型,推导出其势函数的表达式,运用尖点突变模型得到其发生破断的充分必要条件。通过实测的地应力,求得该矿坚硬岩层的极限断裂距为280 m;在实验室条件下采用围压加载模拟支架进行物理相似模拟实验后发现,在留设10 m煤柱条件下,坚硬岩层极限破断距为340 m。运用FLAC~(3D)数值模拟,得出在同样地质条件下,当留设0,10 m煤柱时,复合关键层的极限破断距分别为280,345 m。研究结果表明高构造应力条件下,复合关键层的断裂是矿井冲击矿压灾害的源头,断裂距越大其聚集的能量越大,因此在矿区开采中应尽量使用窄煤柱或无煤柱开采,减少坚硬岩层的断裂能量的释放。
[Abstract]:Under the condition that the mining overburden is subjected to high structural stress in the fold area, the fracture and mining range of the overlying hard rock layer on the mining seam is a nonlinear problem. In order to study the cataclysmic law of overburden rock under this condition, a simplified mechanical model for adjacent hard rock is established by using the bending beam theory of material mechanics, and the expression of its potential function is derived. By using the cusp catastrophe model, the necessary and sufficient conditions for the breakage are obtained. Based on the measured in-situ stress, the limit fracture distance of the hard rock layer of the mine is found to be 280m.The physical similarity simulation experiment of the simulated support under confining pressure loading under laboratory conditions shows that under the condition of remaining 10m coal pillar, the limit fracture distance is 280m. The limit breaking distance of hard rock is 340 m. By using FLAC3D numerical simulation, it is concluded that under the same geological conditions, when the coal pillar is set at 0 ~ 10 m, the limit breaking distance of the composite critical layer is 280345 m respectively. The results show that under the condition of high structural stress, the fracture of the complex key layer is the source of mine rock burst disaster, and the bigger the fault distance is, the greater the accumulated energy is, so it is necessary to use narrow coal pillar or no coal pillar mining in mining area as far as possible. Reduces the release of fracture energy from hard rock formations.
【作者单位】：西安科技大学能源学院;呼伦贝尔学院矿业学院;西安科技大学教育部西部矿井开采及灾害防治实验室;陇东学院能源工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(40472104,40572155) 教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20106121110003) 内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJZY249) 陕西省教育厅重点实验室科研计划项目(2010JS020,13JS066) 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2011JY005)
【分类号】：TD32

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