稀土矿泥中稀土的酸浸及其浸出动力学研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 21:29

  本文选题：动力学 + 稀土矿　； 参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：稀土是国家重要战略资源,全球稀土资源开发进入第三时期以来,优质资源被大量开采,富矿越来越少。随着稀土全球市场的不断壮大,开发稀土矿泥、伴生稀土矿等难利用稀土资源成为保障我国稀土话语权和缓解全球稀土供应压力的重要举措。试验矿样为稀土矿经分级脱泥之后得到的矿泥,针对矿泥的特点,在工艺矿物学研究结果的基础上,进行了物理选矿法和化学选矿法回收稀土矿泥中稀土的探索性试验,探讨了浸出动力学关键因素浸出温度、硫酸浓度、搅拌强度对稀土浸出速率和浸出率的影响,并计算浸出动力学方程,同时,对液固比、浸出时间等参数进行了优化。工艺矿物学研究得出试验矿样REO品位为7.23%,-5μm粒级品位为7.34%,产率和分配率均约为85%。矿物型稀土以氟碳铈矿为主,含有离子型稀土,脉石矿物以土状赤铁矿-纤磷钙铝石等粘土类混合物为主,且有59%的稀土赋存其中。探索性试验结果表明,硫酸浸出是从该类稀土矿泥中回收稀土的较佳工艺。浸出动力学研究以氟碳铈矿在硫酸体系下浸出稀土为切入点,根据温度对稀土矿泥中稀土浸出率的影响由Arrhenius方程求得E稀土矿泥=52.53kJ/mol,同时联合硫酸浓度和搅拌强度对稀土矿泥中稀土浸出率的影响,求得在硫酸体系下浸出稀土的动力学方程为:1-(1-α)~(1/3) = 1.34038×10~(-9)T~(2.81736)C~(0.52017)W~(0.36069)t温度、硫酸浓度和搅拌强度三个参数是提高浸出速率与浸出率的关键,其中温度对稀土浸出的影响最大。在此基础上对浸出过程进行了优化,进而得出了稀土矿泥浸出的最佳条件:浸出温度90℃,硫酸浓度7.5mol/L,搅拌强度400rpm,液固比5:1,辅助浸出剂硫酸铵浓度0.25mol/L,浸出时间45min。在最优工艺条件下,进行了稳定性验证试验,取得稀土浸出率为91.606%,浸出渣REO品位为1.274%的较优指标,实现了该矿泥中稀土资源的高效回收。
[Abstract]:Rare earth is an important national strategic resource. Since the development of rare earth resources in the world has entered the third period, high quality resources have been exploited in large quantities, and rich minerals are becoming less and less. With the development of the global market of rare earths, the development of rare earth mud and associated rare earth resources has become an important measure to protect the right of speaking of rare earths in China and ease the pressure of global rare earth supply. According to the characteristics of ore slime, based on the research results of process mineralogy, an exploratory experiment was carried out to recover rare earths from rare earth slime by physical and chemical ore dressing. The effects of leaching temperature, sulfuric acid concentration and stirring intensity on the leaching rate and leaching rate of rare earths were discussed. The leaching kinetics equation was calculated. At the same time, the parameters such as liquid-solid ratio and leaching time were optimized. Process mineralogy studies show that the REO grade of the test ore sample is 7.23 渭 m and 7.34, and the yield and distribution rate are about 85%. The mineral rare earths are mainly fluorocarbon-cerium ores, containing ionic rare earths, and gangue minerals are mainly clay mixtures such as earthen hematite and fibronecaluminite, among which 59% of them occur. The result of exploratory test shows that sulfuric acid leaching is a better process for recovering rare earth from this kind of rare earth slime. Leaching kinetics study is based on the leaching of rare earths in sulfuric acid system with fluorocarbon cerium ore as the starting point. According to the influence of temperature on rare earth leaching rate in rare earth slime, the effects of E rare earth mud 52.53kJ / mol, combined with sulfuric acid concentration and stirring strength, on rare earth leaching rate in rare earth slime were obtained by Arrhenius equation. The kinetic equation of rare earth leaching in sulfuric acid system is: 1: 1- (1- 伪) ~ (1 / 3) = 1.34038 脳 10 ~ (-9) T ~ (2.81736) C ~ (0.52017) W ~ (0.36069) t temperature. The three parameters of sulfuric acid concentration and stirring strength are the key factors to improve the leaching rate and leaching rate. On this basis, the leaching process was optimized, and the optimum leaching conditions were obtained as follows: leaching temperature 90 鈩，

本文编号：2067559