提升钢丝绳力学性能及其调换绳技术研究

发布时间：2018-06-26 19:05

本文选题：多绳摩擦提升机 + 钢丝绳　；参考：《太原理工大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：随着浅表矿井资源的日趋枯竭及对资源需求程度的不断增加，重载、深井、高提速多绳摩擦提升矿井势必成为未来矿山生产的主导。这种矿井提升钢丝绳的载荷工况更加复杂，出现事故的概率更大，对提升钢丝绳力学性能也提出了更高的要求。现实中，人们对提升钢丝绳的力学性能的掌握大都来自现场应用总结或试验研究，为其制作、选用及应用给出的指导作用有限；且提升钢丝绳调换环节的不合理对其产生了不利影响，这些因素一定程度上降低了提升钢丝绳的力学性能及使用安全系数。因此，对以上各环节的关键技术研究进而有效提高提升钢丝绳乃至整个提升系统的安全性具有重要现实意义。本文从提升钢丝绳材质、制作方式、特殊载荷形式等方面对其力学性能进行了理论分析，结合调换绳环节存在的难题，分别提出了改善其力学性能的理论方法及技术方案。从提升钢丝绳的结构特性角度分析了提高其力学性能的方法。应用Materials studio软件分析了C、Mn元素对钢丝材质力学性能的影响，为改善提升钢丝绳的力学性能提供了一种理论计算方法。对提升钢丝绳的绳股断面、捻制方式及镀锌工艺与其应用工况的匹配性进行了理论分析，得出合理的选择提升钢丝绳的类型可以有效地提高其力学性能。基于提升钢丝绳结构特性分析了其在拉伸时的拉伸扭转载荷、丝股应力分布不均、周期交变载荷等力学特性，为深入分析提升钢丝绳正常承载时的力学性能提供理论指导。从提升钢丝绳维护角度分析了影响其力学性能的关键因素，结果表明润滑太少、换绳方式不合理及张力调节不当等都会在一定程度上降低提升钢丝绳力学性能，并提出提升钢丝绳更换与张力调节是所需解决的关键环节。基于提升钢丝绳的扭转特性，结合实例定量分析了“新旧绳捆绑”换绳方法所产生附加扭转载荷对提升钢丝绳的危害程度，分析结果得出，附加扭转载荷使提升钢丝绳内部钢丝的最大应力值增加了约20%，且矿井越深，这种附加扭转载荷的危害越大。通过对消除附加扭转换绳装置方案论证，基于“液压打开，机械锁紧”的夹绳机理和“管线成型”式的送绳原理，研发了连续小冲击换绳装置；应用ADMAS软件对其进行了仿真试验分析，，并结合消除附加扭转换绳装置的现场试验情况，验证了连续小冲击换绳装置能够安全释放旧绳扭转应力，送绳环节实现多绳同步，动作平稳、安全。通过对提升钢丝绳张力平衡影响因素及事故案例分析得出目前张力不平衡产生的主要因素是调节不当所引起的各绳长度偏差。在对夹绳机构“自锁”机理和总体方案对比论证的基础上，研发了一套能够适应各种工况（尤其重载深井工况）的提升钢丝绳快速调节装置。ANSYS/LS-DYNA仿真和试验结果都验证了装置夹绳机构设计的合理性。现场工业性试验表明了该装置能够高效、安全完成对提升钢丝绳的调节，有效消除各绳间的张力不平衡。综上所述，本文基于对提升钢丝绳力学性能及影响因素的分析，提出了有效提高其力学性能的理论方法及技术方案。对提高提升钢丝绳的安全性及适应未来矿井的需求，具有较好的现实与长远战略意义。
[Abstract]:With the exhaustion of shallow surface mine resources and the increasing degree of demand for resources, heavy load, deep well, high speed multi rope friction lifting mine will be the leading mine production. The load condition of the hoisting steel rope is more complex, the probability of accident is greater, and the mechanical performance of the hoisting steel rope is also higher. In reality, the mastery of the mechanical properties of the hoisting steel rope mostly comes from the field application summary or experimental research, which has limited guidance function for its production, selection and application, and the unfavourable effect on the lifting of the wire rope change link has had a negative effect on it. These factors reduce the force of the wire rope to a certain extent. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the key technology of the above links and to improve the safety of the hoisting steel rope and even the whole lifting system. This paper analyzes the mechanical properties of the hoisting wire rope, the making way, the special load form and so on, and combines the change rope with the change rope. The theoretical and technical methods to improve its mechanical properties are put forward respectively.
The method of improving the mechanical properties of the hoisting wire rope is analyzed from the angle of the structural characteristics of the hoisting rope. The effect of C and Mn on the mechanical properties of steel wire is analyzed by Materials Studio software. A theoretical calculation method is provided for improving the mechanical properties of the hoisting wire rope. A theoretical analysis is made of its matching with working conditions. It is concluded that reasonable selection of the type of hoisting rope can effectively improve its mechanical properties.
Based on the structural characteristics of hoisting wire rope, the mechanical properties such as tensile torsion load, uneven distribution of stress distribution in silk strand and periodic alternating load are analyzed. The theoretical guidance is provided to analyze the mechanical properties of the hoisting steel rope during the normal loading. The key factors affecting the mechanical properties of the hoisting wire rope are analyzed, and the results are analyzed. It is shown that too little lubrication, unreasonable rope changing and improper tension adjustment will reduce the mechanical properties of hoisting wire rope to a certain extent, and put forward that the key link to be solved is the change of hoisting rope and tension adjustment.
Based on the torsional characteristics of the hoisting wire rope, the damage degree of the additional torsion load on the hoisting wire rope produced by the new and old rope binding method is quantitatively analyzed by an example. The result shows that the maximum stress value of the steel wire inside the hoisting rope is increased by about 20%, and the deeper the mine is, the additional torsion load is made. The damage is greater. Through the demonstration of the scheme to eliminate the additional twisted rope device, based on the mechanism of "hydraulic opening, mechanical locking" and the principle of "pipeline forming", the continuous small impact rope changing device is developed. The simulation test and analysis of the device are carried out with ADMAS software, and the site of the installation of the additional twisted rope device is eliminated. The test results verify that the continuous small impact rope changing device can release the torsional stress of the old rope safely, and the rope delivery links achieve multi rope synchronization, and the movement is stable and safe.
Through the analysis of the factors affecting the tension balance of the hoisting rope and the case of accident, it is concluded that the main factor of the current tension imbalance is the deviation of the length of the rope caused by improper adjustment. On the basis of the mechanism of "self locking" and the general scheme of the rope clamping mechanism, a set of different working conditions (especially heavy loading deep wells) has been developed. The.ANSYS/LS-DYNA simulation and test results of the hoisting wire rope fast adjusting device verify the rationality of the design of the clamping rope mechanism. The field industrial test shows that the device can efficiently and safely adjust the hoisting rope and effectively eliminate the tension imbalance between the rope.
To sum up, based on the analysis of the mechanical properties and influencing factors of the hoisting wire rope, this paper puts forward the theoretical method and technical scheme to effectively improve the mechanical properties of the wire rope, which is of good practical and long-term significance to improve the safety of the hoisting rope and adapt to the needs of the future mine.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD532

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