废弃矿山治理工程中的爆破地震效应研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 11:05

本文选题：爆破地震效应 + 爆破振动　；参考：《安徽理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随着近几十年来矿业生产规模的扩大与发展,爆破地震效应的影响逐渐受到人们的重视,很多的专家学者积极投入到这一领域的研究当中,取得了丰硕的成果。由于爆破地震波所具有的随机性和不确定性使得关于其传播过程的研究异常复杂与艰难。因此,爆破地震效应的影响及其灾害的控制依然是当前乃至未来爆破领域的重要研究方向。本文通过对某废弃矿山爆破作业现场附近一座满负荷运行的尾矿库在爆破地震效应影响下的振动响应情况研究,通过现场监测采集爆破振动信号数据后利用线性回归分析理论与信号分析理论对尾矿坝在爆破地震波作用下的振动特性与地震波传播特性进行多角度的细致分析。探究尾矿库大坝在爆破振动作用下的振动速度和频率的特性。本文主要进行了以下的研究工作：(1)利用监测仪器自带的爆破振动信号分析软件Blasting vibration analysis导入监测数据后得到振动速度的波形图,可以发现坝顶与坝底测点存在以下不同之处：在爆破峰值振动速度方面,坝顶处测点的爆破振动速度明显大于坝底处测点；在振动持续时间方面,可以发现在坝顶测点处持续时间达到2000ms,而与此同时坝底测点仅仅只有1000ms左右,表现出了明显的不同。(2)根据信号分析领域相对比较成熟和完善的理论对爆破振动信号进行处理与分析。其中,根据傅里叶变换理论,得到对于坝顶和坝底测点的振动频率分布规律,即坝顶的振动频率主要分布在0-40Hz,而坝底的振动频率范围较广,主要分布在0-80Hz;根据小波分析理论,得到了大坝在爆破振动作用下各频带能量的分布特性。(3)利用Matlab软件优秀的编程计算能力,基于最小二乘理论进行线性拟合求出经典萨道夫斯基经验公式中与地质条件和爆破参数有关的K和α的值,得到振动速度的衰减规律。
[Abstract]:With the expansion and development of mining production scale in recent decades, people pay more and more attention to the effect of blasting earthquake. Many experts and scholars have been actively involved in the research in this field, and have achieved fruitful results. Because of the randomness and uncertainty of blasting seismic wave, the study of its propagation process is very complicated and difficult. Therefore, the influence of blasting seismic effect and its disaster control are still the important research direction in the field of blasting at present and in the future. In this paper, the vibration response of a full load tailings reservoir near the blasting site of an abandoned mine under the influence of blasting earthquake effect is studied. The vibration characteristics and propagation characteristics of tailings dam under the action of blasting seismic wave are analyzed in detail by means of linear regression analysis theory and signal analysis theory after monitoring and collecting blasting vibration signal data. The characteristics of vibration speed and frequency of tailing dam under blasting vibration are studied. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the waveform diagram of vibration velocity is obtained by introducing monitoring data into blasting vibration signal analysis software Blasting vibration analysis. It can be found that there are the following differences between the measured points at the top of the dam and the bottom of the dam: in terms of the peak vibration velocity of the blasting, the blasting vibration velocity of the measured point at the top of the dam is obviously larger than that of the measuring point at the bottom of the dam, and the vibration duration, It can be found that the duration of the site at the top of the dam reaches 2000ms, while at the same time the site at the bottom of the dam is only about 1000ms. It shows obvious difference. (2) according to the relatively mature and perfect theory of signal analysis, the blasting vibration signal is processed and analyzed. The energy distribution characteristics of each frequency band under blasting vibration are obtained. (3) the excellent programming ability of Matlab software is used. Based on the least square theory, the values of K and 伪 related to geological conditions and blasting parameters in the classical Sadolski empirical formula are obtained, and the attenuation law of vibration velocity is obtained.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD235

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