台阶地形爆破地震波传播规律研究

发布时间：2018-07-01 20:03

本文选题：台阶地形 + 爆破地震波　；参考：《华北理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：传统的地震波传播理论多数是在平整地形条件下提出的,这些理论对于复杂地形存在着很大的误差,相关的经验公式也具有很大的局限性。因此,研究地形对爆破地震波传播的影响对探索地震波衰减规律,预测和控制爆破地震效应具有重要的现实意义和研究价值。结合台阶地形爆破地震波现场观测实验,通过对观测数据的分析,研究爆破地震波沿台阶地形传播的特点和规律。建立单一岩质的台阶模型,以台阶坡底和坡顶处质点峰值振速为指标,研究单台阶和多台阶地形质点振动速度随高程变化及衰减规律,总结出台阶地形条件下爆破地震波的传播特性。通过现场观测及数据分析得到:台阶地形对爆破地震波有明显的放大作用,现场实验中,放大系数在1.15~1.41之间。当岩体结构和节理裂隙发育相同,放大系数随高差的增加而变大;当爆源距增加到一定值时,高程对振速的影响程度随着距离的增大而降低,即在爆炸近区,爆源距和高差共同作用于振速,而在爆炸远区,高差的影响逐渐减小,振动强度主要受爆源距的控制。根据岩石力学性质和爆破参数,模拟得到了质点振动速度的传播特征,分析结果表明:在平整地形条件下爆破地震波的衰减规律可用萨道夫斯基经验公式描述;台阶地形对爆破振动速度的放大作用随高差的增加呈现先增加后减小的规律;爆源的初始能量对放大系数有较大的影响;爆破地震波的强度受爆源距和高差的共同影响,通过对正负高差台阶地形条件下爆破地震波衰减规律的研究,最终提出了考虑高差在内的振动速度预测模型。
[Abstract]:Most of the traditional theories of seismic wave propagation are put forward under the condition of leveling terrain. These theories have great errors for complex terrain and the related empirical formulas have great limitations. Therefore, the study of the influence of topography on the propagation of blasting seismic waves has important practical significance and research value in exploring the attenuation law of seismic waves and in predicting and controlling the blasting seismic effects. Based on the field observation experiment of bench topographic blasting seismic wave, the characteristics and rules of blasting seismic wave propagation along the bench topography are studied by analyzing the observation data. A step model of single rock mass is established. The variation and attenuation of the vibration velocity of single and multi-step topographic particles with elevation are studied by taking the peak vibration velocity of particle at the bottom and top of the slope as the index. The propagation characteristics of blasting seismic wave under the condition of bench topography are summarized. Through field observation and data analysis, it is concluded that the terrace topography has obvious magnification effect on blasting seismic wave, and the magnification factor is between 1.15 and 1.41 in the field experiment. When the rock mass structure and joint fracture are the same, the magnification factor increases with the increase of height difference, and when the distance of explosion source increases to a certain value, the influence of height on vibration velocity decreases with the increase of distance, that is, in the near area of explosion, The vibration velocity is affected by the distance between the detonation source and the height, but in the far area of the explosion, the influence of the height difference decreases gradually, and the vibration intensity is mainly controlled by the distance between the detonation sources. According to the mechanical properties of rock and blasting parameters, the propagation characteristics of particle vibration velocity are simulated. The results show that the attenuation law of blasting seismic wave under flat terrain can be described by Sadolski's empirical formula. With the increase of height difference, the magnification effect of step topography on blasting vibration velocity shows the law of first increasing and then decreasing, the initial energy of blasting source has great influence on the magnification factor, the intensity of blasting seismic wave is affected by the distance between blasting source and height difference, By studying the attenuation law of blasting seismic wave under the topographic condition of positive and negative height difference, the prediction model of vibration velocity considering height difference is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：华北理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD235

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