煤矿井下巷道剖面收敛度的测量及拟合重建

发布时间：2018-07-02 11:08

本文选题：超声波 + 峰值检测　；参考：《太原理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：巷道收敛量是巷道围岩应力变化最直观的体现，根据超声波测距原理测得顶底板移近量和两帮位移量来反映巷道收敛量，然后将巷道收敛量的数据进行拟合，重建出了巷道三维模型，为支护和安全生产提供了保证。本论文主要包括两部分：超声波测距系统和无线通信系统。根据巷道下环境的约束，设计了一种用3个超声探头轮流检测的“倒梯形”方案。该方案中先对传统的超声测距法进行了分析比较，选择了用峰值时间检测法，这样能够准确的判断出回波到达的时刻。在硬件设计上，系统选用了中心频率为40KHz的超声波探头，以PIC单片机作为主控芯片，，在发射电路上选用了SP3232作为驱动芯片，在接收部分选用了LM358作为接收芯片，达到了测距距离远，盲区小，抗干扰能力强等要求，同时还具有安装方便和工作可靠等优点。无线通信系统以CC2530为核心处理器，通过“手拉手”接力方式对数据进行传递，将数据传输至通信总站，最后通过光纤或485模式传至上位机，工作人员通过对数据进行分析，通过利用线框建模法，拟合重建出巷道的三维模型。最后，实验的测试结果表明该系统的测距精度较为理想，并对影响系统的各个因素进行了分析，从中找到减少误差的方法，系统总体上达到了设计要求。
[Abstract]:The convergence of roadway is the most intuitionistic embodiment of the stress change of surrounding rock of roadway. According to the principle of ultrasonic ranging, the approaching amount of roof and floor plate and the displacement of two sides are measured to reflect the convergent amount of roadway, and then the data of convergence amount of roadway are fitted. The three-dimensional model of roadway is reconstructed, which provides guarantee for supporting and safe production. This paper mainly includes two parts: ultrasonic ranging system and wireless communication system. According to the restriction of the environment under the roadway, a "inverted trapezoid" scheme with three ultrasonic probes is designed. In this scheme, the traditional ultrasonic ranging method is first analyzed and compared, and the peak time detection method is chosen, which can accurately judge the arrival time of echo. In the hardware design, the ultrasonic probe with the center frequency of 40kHz, the PIC microcontroller as the main control chip, the SP3232 as the driving chip and the LM358 as the receiving chip are selected in the hardware design. It achieves the requirements of long distance, small blind area, strong anti-jamming ability, and has the advantages of convenient installation and reliable work. The wireless communication system takes CC2530 as the core processor, transfers the data to the communication master station by the way of "hand in hand" relay, finally transmits the data to the host computer through the optical fiber or 485 mode, and the staff analyzes the data. The three-dimensional model of roadway is reconstructed by fitting and reconstructing by using wire frame modeling method. Finally, the experimental results show that the ranging accuracy of the system is ideal, and the factors affecting the system are analyzed, and the method to reduce the error is found. The system meets the design requirements on the whole.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD322

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