基于异速生长理论的采动覆岩离层时空分布规律与沉陷模型研究

发布时间：2018-07-04 11:39

本文选题：开采沉陷 + 采动覆岩离层　；参考：《青岛理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着煤矿产业的不断发展,矿山开采沉陷造成的损害日益严重。在煤炭开采过程中,采动覆岩离层作为一种必然现象,其生长发展过程对开采沉陷起着重要的影响作用。因此,建立采动覆岩离层与地表沉降之间的关系模型,研究采动覆岩离层的时空分布规律,分析离层生长发展的异速特性,能够进一步认识和完善开采沉陷理论,为其提供重要的理论指导意义和工程实用价值。本文以沉积煤系地层中的采动覆岩离层为分析对象,结合异速生长理论,利用相似材料模拟实验、RFPA数值模拟等方法,研究了开采沉陷与离层的时空分布规律之间的关系。主要研究成果如下:(1)煤层的开采过程中,离层的生长状态受到上下位岩层沉降速率差的影响,当离层上位岩层的下沉速率小于下位岩层,离层处于起裂、发展阶段,当离层上位岩层的下沉速率大于下位岩层,离层处于闭合阶段,并逐渐被压实。(2)煤层采出后形成采空区,开采空间在地层中向上转移,层层传递最终波及地表形成地表沉陷,其在地层中便以离层空间的形式存在。离层的生长状况也会对地表沉降造成一定的影响,煤层停采后大量离层进入闭合阶段,地表沉降也逐渐趋于稳定。(3)采动覆岩离层在各阶段内的生长速率各不相同,体现出异速特性。离层起裂后进入发展阶段,此时处于正异速生长状态,其长度与宽度逐渐增大直至最大值,之后离层进入负异速生长状态,其长度不再变化,宽度逐渐减小,离层开始闭合。(4)基于异速生长理论,对开采过程中离层宽度的生长状况进行研究,根据地层中各空间的等量转换过程,得出采动覆岩离层与地表沉降之间的关系,建立基于采动覆岩离层异速生长的地表沉降模型。
[Abstract]:With the development of coal industry, the damage caused by mining subsidence is becoming more and more serious. In the process of coal mining, mining overburden separation is an inevitable phenomenon, and its growth and development process plays an important role in mining subsidence. Therefore, it is possible to further understand and improve the mining subsidence theory by establishing a model of the relationship between mining overburden separation and surface subsidence, studying the temporal and spatial distribution of mining overburden separation, and analyzing the allometric characteristics of the development of mining overburden. To provide important theoretical guidance and engineering practical value. In this paper, the relationship between the temporal and spatial distribution of mining subsidence and separation layer is studied by means of numerical simulation of similar material experiment and RFPA numerical simulation, taking mining overlying strata in sedimentary coal measure strata as an analysis object and combining with the theory of allometric growth. The main research results are as follows: (1) in the process of coal seam mining, the growth state of the dissociated strata is affected by the poor subsidence rate of the upper and lower strata, when the subsidence rate of the upper layer is lower than that of the lower layer, the dissociation layer is in the stage of initiation and development. When the subsidence rate of the upper strata is greater than that of the lower strata, the separation layer is in the closed stage and gradually compacted. (2) after the coal seam is mined out, the mining space is transferred up in the stratum, and the layer transfer eventually spreads to the surface of the earth to form the surface subsidence. It exists in the form of stratigraphic separation space. The growth of the separated strata will also affect the surface subsidence to some extent. After the coal seams stop mining, a large number of separated layers will enter the closed stage, and the surface subsidence will gradually become stable. (3) the growth rate of the separated strata of mining overburden is different in each stage. It shows the characteristic of allormal speed. At the same time, the length and width of the dissociated layer gradually increased to the maximum, and then it entered into the negative heterovelocity growth state, its length did not change, and the width gradually decreased. The separation layer begins to close. (4) based on the theory of allometric growth, the growth state of the width of the separated layer in mining process is studied. According to the isometric transformation process of each space in the strata, the relationship between the separated strata of mining overburden and the surface subsidence is obtained. A surface subsidence model based on the allometric growth of mining overburden is established.
【学位授予单位】：青岛理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD327

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