西部风积沙区超大工作面开采土地损伤评价

发布时间：2018-07-07 21:13

本文选题：超大工作面 + 风积沙区　；参考：《煤炭科学技术》2017年04期

【摘要】：针对我国西部风积沙区超大工作面开采具有所处生态环境脆弱、开采强度大等显著特点,以神东地区大柳塔矿区为例,构建矿区土地质量指标体系和评价标准,将矿区土地质量分为5级,通过熵技术法确定评价指标的权重,采用改进的灰度关联法对矿区工作面土地损伤程度进行研究与评价。结果表明:影响矿区土地质量的主要因子是裂缝宽度、附加坡度、下沉深度及侵蚀模数,其次是有效P,有效K,植被覆盖度,有机质等因子;大柳塔矿区工作面土地质量为第4级,土地质量较差,损伤较为严重;改善矿区土地质量,应在采前预测土地损伤状况,采中优化开采技术,控制地形地貌改变,采后进行人工修复和生态环境的自我恢复。
[Abstract]:In view of the obvious characteristics of large working face mining in wind-sand area in western China, such as fragile ecological environment and large mining intensity, the paper takes Daliuta mining area in Shendong area as an example to construct the land quality index system and evaluation standard of mining area. The land quality of mining area is divided into 5 grades, the weight of evaluation index is determined by entropy technique, and the degree of land damage in mining face is studied and evaluated by the improved gray correlation method. The results show that the main factors affecting the land quality of mining area are crack width, additional slope, subsidence depth and erosion modulus, followed by effective P, effective K, vegetation coverage, organic matter and so on. The land quality of the working face of Daliuta mining area is the 4th grade, the quality of the land is poor and the damage is more serious, in order to improve the land quality of the mining area, the condition of land damage should be predicted before mining, the mining technology should be optimized in mining, and the change of topography and landform should be controlled. Artificial restoration and self-restoration of ecological environment were carried out after harvest.
【作者单位】：中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金煤炭联合基金重点资助项目(U1361214) 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(2013CB227904) 国家科技基础性工作专项资助项目(2014FY110800)
【分类号】：TD82;X82

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