普朗铜矿自然崩落法底部结构稳定性研究

发布时间：2018-07-09 21:53

本文选题：自然崩落法 + 普朗铜矿　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国是一个矿产资源丰富的国家,但是人均占有量低,多为低品位的贫矿,资源的综合利用率水平低于世界先进国家。多年来我国地下开采都处于"采富留贫"的开采模式,资源不足已严重制约了我国的社会经济发展。随着矿产资源需求量的日益增加,对低品位资源的开发利用也成为未来我国发展的必然趋势。自然崩落法具有成本低、生产能力大、组织管理简便等诸多优点,备受国内外矿山企业的青睐。但是自然崩落法对矿山开采技术条件和生产管理水平要求十分苛刻,这也制约了它在我国的推广运用。其中自然崩落法的底部结构稳定性和其它地下工程相比具有更复杂的特殊性,随着拉底、矿石崩落、矿石放出的工艺流程,底部机构往往产生较大变形与破坏,这已经成为了制约自然崩落法推广应用的关键性难题。本文根据普朗铜矿首采区的工程地质情况,结合"普朗铜矿自然崩落法底部结构破坏机制及稳定性研究"项目,对自然崩法矿山底部结构稳定性展开理论与应用技术研究。主要研究内容及结论,如下:(1)对普朗铜矿首采区开展工程地质调查,分析岩石力学参数。研究自然崩落法采矿工艺对底部结构的影响因素。(2)采用不同拉底方案对底部结构的影响进行分析,得出前进式拉底最大主应力低于后退式拉底,桃形矿柱上的拉应力值及拉应力区域面积也明显低于后退式拉底,分析结果表明采用前进式拉底方式对底部结构的稳定性更有利。(3)底部结构巷道通过断层时,对不同倾角、不同厚度的断层进行分析研究,巷道开挖时,应力释放区域主要发生在断层内,断层倾角越大最大主应力值减小,断层厚度增大,巷道围岩变形量和塑性区均增大。并提出注浆+喷锚支护能降低喷砼的厚度,取得较好的支护效果。(4)针对拉底端部出矿巷道处于高应力的情况,提出拉底两端的巷道应加强支护,对不同岩体分区底部结构出矿穿脉提出不同的支护措施。对底部结构容易破坏的放矿口眉线处,提出采用横梁支护能够代替钢拱架支护的方案。(5)针对普朗铜矿实测图建立模型,分析得出在装矿进路与出矿穿脉交叉口的地方会出现应力集中现象,矿柱尖端部分的面积越小时,应力集中现象越明显。
[Abstract]:China is a country rich in mineral resources, but its per capita share is low, most of which are poor ores of low grade, and the comprehensive utilization level of resources is lower than that of advanced countries in the world. For many years, underground mining in China has been in the pattern of "mining rich and leaving poor", and the shortage of resources has seriously restricted the social and economic development of our country. With the increasing demand for mineral resources, the development and utilization of low-grade resources has become an inevitable trend in the future. Natural caving method has many advantages, such as low cost, large production capacity, simple organization and management, etc. But the natural caving method is very strict to the mining technical condition and the production management level, which also restricts its popularization and application in our country. The stability of the bottom structure of the natural caving method is more complicated than that of other underground projects. With the process of bottom drawing, ore caving and ore releasing, the bottom mechanism often produces large deformation and destruction. This has become a key problem restricting the application of natural caving method. Based on the engineering geology of the first mining area of Plang Copper Mine and the project of "study on the failure Mechanism and Stability of the bottom structure of the Natural caving method in Plang Copper Mine", the theoretical and applied research on the stability of the bottom structure of the natural caving method is carried out in this paper. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) Engineering geological investigation was carried out in the first mining area of Plang Copper Mine and rock mechanics parameters were analyzed. The influence factors of natural caving mining technology on the bottom structure are studied. (2) the influence of different bottom drawing schemes on the bottom structure is analyzed, and the maximum principal stress of the forward drawing bottom is lower than that of the backward drawing bottom. The values of tensile stress and the area of tensile stress area on peach pillar are also obviously lower than those of receding bottom. The analysis results show that the stability of bottom structure is more favorable to the way of forward drawing bottom. (3) when the roadway of bottom structure passes through fault, different inclination angle is obtained. In the excavation of roadway, the stress releasing area mainly occurs in the fault. The greater the dip angle of the fault, the smaller the maximum principal stress value, the greater the thickness of the fault, the larger the deformation and the plastic zone of the surrounding rock of the roadway. It is pointed out that grouting bolting can reduce the thickness of shotcreting concrete and obtain better support effect. (4) in view of the situation that the roadway of drawing bottom end is in high stress, the support of roadway at both ends of bottom drawing should be strengthened. Different supporting measures are put forward for different subzone bottom structure of rock mass. For the eyebrow line of ore drawing where the bottom structure is easy to be destroyed, the paper puts forward a scheme that the cross beam support can replace the steel arch support. (5) the model is established for the measured drawing of Plang Copper Mine. It is concluded that stress concentration will occur at the intersection of ore loading route and ore exit vein, and the smaller the area of pillar tip is, the more obvious the stress concentration phenomenon will be.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD862.1;TD853.364

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