矿用自卸车整车性能分析
发布时间：2018-07-14 10:47
【摘要】：矿用自卸车作为大型露天矿山的主要运输工具,其需求量迅速增加,这使得矿用自卸车极具市场前景与研究价值。与此同时,由于自卸车朝着大装载量方向发展,其工作行驶条件十分恶劣,路面颠簸不平,不稳定因素复杂,矿用自卸车的行驶、制动、操作稳定性等运动特性分析也就成为必须要解决的问题。但是,目前矿用自卸车性能指标无行业标准,国内生产商家尚无实车道路试验的条件并且需要极高的技术含量、造价昂贵。矿用自卸车的设计和分析多采用多体动力学理论,使用虚拟样机及试验技术,建立矿用自卸车整车的动力学仿真模型进行仿真。自卸车在开发设计过程中,可以多次试制,最大限度的减少试验的次数,大大减少设计人员工作量。因此,建立矿用自卸车整车的动力学模型来研究其特性,已成为日后研究矿用自卸车的重要方法。对自卸车的定量分析,很大程度依赖于建立的动力学模型的精度,而模型结构参数对其影响是不言而喻的。因而本文对自卸车悬架刚度和阻尼进行分析计算,并对主销内倾角、主销后倾角、前轮外倾角以及前轮前束进行优化分析。这就为建立动力学模型做了充分的准备。本文主要从以下几个研究方面展开：1.在Solidworks中建立某重型矿用自卸车几何模型,为运动学及动力学仿真分析做准备。2.简介ADAMS,建立ADAMS整车模型并添加约束。3.对前轮定位参数进行设计优化,得出较好的定位参数值。4.根据国标QC/T480-1999的要求,对操纵稳定性进行评价,结果表明该自卸车具有一定的转向不足特性,整车操纵稳定性基本符合要求。5.建立了基于软硬路面的整车动力学模型,利用MATLAB进行软硬路面操纵稳定性仿真并进行对比,结果表明软路面更加接近实际,操纵稳定性表现要差一些,从而证实软路面对自卸车仿真分析的必要性。本文建立了重型矿用自卸车三维模型,对前轮定位参数优化后,在多体动力学软件中进行了操纵稳定性仿真,得到了自卸车在典型工况的行驶性能、操纵稳定性性能指标,最后利用MATLAB进行软路面操纵稳定性仿真,并与刚性路面仿真进行对比,为设计改进重型矿车提供参考,同时也为后续矿用自卸车的研究提供一种思路。
[Abstract]:As the main transportation tool of large open pit mine, the demand of mine dump truck is increasing rapidly, which makes mine dump truck have great market prospect and research value. At the same time, due to the development of the dump truck towards the direction of large loading capacity, its working conditions are very bad, the road surface is bumpy, the unstable factors are complicated, the driving and braking of the mine dump truck, The analysis of motion characteristics such as operational stability becomes a problem that must be solved. However, at present, there is no industry standard for the performance index of mine dump truck, and the domestic manufacturers do not have the condition of road test of real vehicle, and need very high technology content, so the cost is very high. In the design and analysis of mine dump truck, the theory of multi-body dynamics is adopted, and the dynamic simulation model of mine dump truck is established by using virtual prototype and test technology. In the process of development and design, the dump truck can be trial-produced many times to minimize the number of tests and greatly reduce the workload of the designer. Therefore, it has become an important method to study the characteristics of mine dump truck in the future by establishing the dynamic model of mine dump truck. The quantitative analysis of dump truck depends on the precision of the dynamic model to a great extent, and the influence of the structural parameters of the model on it is self-evident. In this paper, the stiffness and damping of the suspension of the dump truck are analyzed and calculated, and the internal inclination angle of the main pin, the rear inclination angle of the main pin, the outside inclination angle of the front wheel and the front beam of the front wheel are optimized. This makes sufficient preparation for the establishment of a dynamic model. This article mainly starts from the following several aspects of research: 1. A geometry model of a heavy mine dump truck is established in Solidworks, which prepares for kinematics and dynamics simulation analysis. Introduce Adams, build Adams model and add constraint. 3. 3. The design and optimization of the front wheel positioning parameters are carried out, and a better positioning parameter value. 4. 4 is obtained. According to the requirement of QC / T 480-1999, the handling stability of the dump truck is evaluated. The results show that the dump truck has some understeering characteristics, and the handling stability of the whole truck basically meets the requirement .5. The dynamic model of the whole vehicle based on the soft and hard pavement is established, and the simulation and comparison of the handling and stability of the soft and hard pavement with MATLAB are carried out. The results show that the soft pavement is closer to the actual situation, and the performance of handling and stability is worse. The necessity of simulation analysis of soft road face dump truck is proved. In this paper, a three-dimensional model of heavy mine dump truck is established. After optimizing the positioning parameters of the front wheel, the maneuvering stability simulation is carried out in the multi-body dynamics software, and the driving performance and handling stability performance index of the dump truck under typical working conditions are obtained. Finally, MATLAB is used to simulate the handling and stability of soft pavement, and compared with the simulation of rigid pavement, which provides a reference for the design and improvement of heavy mine truck, and also provides a way of thinking for the follow-up study of mine dump truck.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD57
本文编号：2121404
[Abstract]:As the main transportation tool of large open pit mine, the demand of mine dump truck is increasing rapidly, which makes mine dump truck have great market prospect and research value. At the same time, due to the development of the dump truck towards the direction of large loading capacity, its working conditions are very bad, the road surface is bumpy, the unstable factors are complicated, the driving and braking of the mine dump truck, The analysis of motion characteristics such as operational stability becomes a problem that must be solved. However, at present, there is no industry standard for the performance index of mine dump truck, and the domestic manufacturers do not have the condition of road test of real vehicle, and need very high technology content, so the cost is very high. In the design and analysis of mine dump truck, the theory of multi-body dynamics is adopted, and the dynamic simulation model of mine dump truck is established by using virtual prototype and test technology. In the process of development and design, the dump truck can be trial-produced many times to minimize the number of tests and greatly reduce the workload of the designer. Therefore, it has become an important method to study the characteristics of mine dump truck in the future by establishing the dynamic model of mine dump truck. The quantitative analysis of dump truck depends on the precision of the dynamic model to a great extent, and the influence of the structural parameters of the model on it is self-evident. In this paper, the stiffness and damping of the suspension of the dump truck are analyzed and calculated, and the internal inclination angle of the main pin, the rear inclination angle of the main pin, the outside inclination angle of the front wheel and the front beam of the front wheel are optimized. This makes sufficient preparation for the establishment of a dynamic model. This article mainly starts from the following several aspects of research: 1. A geometry model of a heavy mine dump truck is established in Solidworks, which prepares for kinematics and dynamics simulation analysis. Introduce Adams, build Adams model and add constraint. 3. 3. The design and optimization of the front wheel positioning parameters are carried out, and a better positioning parameter value. 4. 4 is obtained. According to the requirement of QC / T 480-1999, the handling stability of the dump truck is evaluated. The results show that the dump truck has some understeering characteristics, and the handling stability of the whole truck basically meets the requirement .5. The dynamic model of the whole vehicle based on the soft and hard pavement is established, and the simulation and comparison of the handling and stability of the soft and hard pavement with MATLAB are carried out. The results show that the soft pavement is closer to the actual situation, and the performance of handling and stability is worse. The necessity of simulation analysis of soft road face dump truck is proved. In this paper, a three-dimensional model of heavy mine dump truck is established. After optimizing the positioning parameters of the front wheel, the maneuvering stability simulation is carried out in the multi-body dynamics software, and the driving performance and handling stability performance index of the dump truck under typical working conditions are obtained. Finally, MATLAB is used to simulate the handling and stability of soft pavement, and compared with the simulation of rigid pavement, which provides a reference for the design and improvement of heavy mine truck, and also provides a way of thinking for the follow-up study of mine dump truck.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD57
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