佛子矿古益矿区采空区处理及残矿回收技术研究

发布时间：2018-07-15 12:29

【摘要】：佛子矿古益矿区经过多年的浅孔留矿法开采，在矿体上部遗留了大量的采空区，由于前期的无序处理形成了复杂的空区局面，不仅造成空区中大量的矿柱资源浪费，而且严重威胁到矿山的安全生产。本文以104号矿体采空区群为研究对象，主要研究内容与结论如下： (1)通过采空区现场调查、室内力学试验确定了采空区的分布状况、赋存特征及岩体的结构要素和物理力学参数。在此基础上运用RMR法对采空区围岩稳定性进行了分级研究，结果显示采空区围岩质量属于II~III级之间。 (2)运用理论公式法、点强度折减法对采空区围岩及支撑矿柱稳定性展开分析。结果表明，104号矿体各采空区围岩暴露尺寸均未达到其极限暴露面积，自稳能力良好；空区中大部分留设矿柱安全系数较高，但100m水平矿体厚大处支撑矿柱安全系数偏低，需尽早采取处理措施。 (3)结合各空区稳定性状况及残留矿柱的赋存特点，提出全崩、全充、崩充联合法3种可行的空区处理兼矿柱回采方案，并通过模糊数学优选法选取10个主要影响指标对其进行综合评价，，确定出最优方案为崩充联合法。 (4)采用FLAC3D软件对优选方案进行数值模拟计算，分析空区处理不同阶段各回采区域巷道、围岩及地表稳定性状况。模拟结果表明，方案实施过程中，空区围岩及地表岩体的应力及位移变化较小，采区整体稳定性良好。采用崩充联合法处理空区时，空区上部应力集中区围岩充分移动、垮落，应力大幅缓解，下部空区得到充实，稳定性显著提高，能有效消除空区隐患，同时实现残留矿柱的安全回采。通过上述研究提出的技术方案，为古益矿区采空区治理及残矿回收难题提供了理论依据和技术指导，同时，对其它矿山类似问题也具有一定的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:After many years of shallow hole retention mining in Guyi mine area of Fuzi Mine, a large number of mined-out areas have been left in the upper part of the orebody. As a result of the disorderly treatment in the early stage, a complicated situation of empty areas has been formed, which not only results in a large amount of waste of pillar resources in the empty areas, And a serious threat to mine safety in production. The main contents and conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) through the field investigation of goaf, the distribution of goaf is determined by indoor mechanical test. Occurrence characteristics, structural elements and physical and mechanical parameters of rock mass. On the basis of this, the stability of surrounding rock in goaf is studied by RMR method. The results show that the mass of surrounding rock in goaf belongs to class IIG III. (2) the method of theoretical formula is used to study the stability of surrounding rock in goaf. The stability of surrounding rock and supporting pillar in goaf is analyzed by point strength reduction method. The results show that the exposure size of surrounding rock in each goaf of No. 104 ore body is not up to its limit exposure area, and its self-stability ability is good, and the safety coefficient of most of the remaining pillars in the empty area is high, but the safety factor of supporting pillar is low in the large thickness of 100m level ore body. It is necessary to take treatment measures as soon as possible. (3) combined with the stability of each empty area and the occurrence characteristics of residual pillar, three feasible methods of full caving, full filling and caving combined with caving and charging are put forward. The optimal scheme is determined to be the combination of caving and charging method. (4) the FLAC3D software is used to simulate the optimal selection scheme. The stability of roadway, surrounding rock and surface in different stages of goaf treatment is analyzed. The simulation results show that the stress and displacement of surrounding rock and surface rock in goaf are small and the whole stability of mining area is good. When the caving and charging combined method is used to deal with the empty area, the surrounding rock in the upper stress concentration area of the empty area moves fully, collapses, the stress is relieved substantially, the lower void area is enriched, the stability is improved significantly, and the hidden danger of the empty area can be effectively eliminated. At the same time, the safe mining of residual pillar is realized. The technical scheme proposed by the above study provides a theoretical basis and technical guidance for the problems of goaf treatment and residual ore recovery in Guyi mining area. At the same time, it also has certain reference significance for similar problems in other mines.
【学位授予单位】：武汉科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD325.3

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