新型气流摩擦荷电器气固二相流运动特性研究
发布时间：2018-07-17 07:45
【摘要】：通过摩擦碰撞使有用矿物与脉石矿物带上异号电荷是矿物进行摩擦电选分离的前提,如何使矿粒尽可能带上多的电荷量和均匀荷电,则决定电选分离效果和处理能力的提高,也是推动摩擦电选大规模应用于生产的核心问题,因此在摩擦电选中非常重视摩擦荷电方式的研究。矿粒在气流带动下摩擦荷电已被证明是一种高效和有前途的摩擦荷电方式,不仅荷电量高,而且适应矿石性质广。但在气流带动矿粒摩擦荷电过程中,除了受物料性质及操作参数影响外,荷电器结构具有重要的影响,通过研究新型荷电器及气固二相流运动特性,对推动摩擦电选的发展具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。论文在分析气流带动矿粒摩擦荷电的影响因素的基础上,建立了荷电器内气固二相流动力学方程,通过研究对比不同摩擦荷电器的结构及效果,设计了冲击式气流摩擦荷电器、锯齿波型气流摩擦荷电器、正弦波型气流摩擦荷电器以及斜板式气流摩擦荷电器等四种新型的摩擦荷电器。采用数值模拟对四种不同结构的气流摩擦荷电器进行了结构参数和工作参数的数值模拟研究,并采用现代高速摄像技术对模拟结果进行了实证。数值模拟研究表明,冲击式气流摩擦荷电器、锯齿波型气流摩擦荷电器、正弦波型气流摩擦荷电器以及斜板式气流摩擦荷电器都能够使矿粒发生频繁且剧烈的摩擦碰撞,有益于矿粒的摩擦荷电。四种不同结构的摩擦荷电器各自具有不同的优点,其中冲击式气流摩擦荷电器具有确保绝大部分矿粒都能发生摩擦碰撞的优点；锯齿波型气流摩擦荷电器摩擦碰撞最为剧烈,但容易发生积矿,影响荷电器工作的连续性；正弦波型气流摩擦荷电器由于摩擦板曲率变化较为平滑,矿物堆积相对锯齿波式荷电器相对较少,但摩擦荷电效果亦较差：斜板式气流摩擦荷电器是矿粒分散性最好的荷电器结构。但是在实证试验中,我们发现部分气流荷电器结构都存在少量的积矿现象,需在后续工作中需对其结构设计进行进一步优化。
[Abstract]:To separate useful minerals from gangue minerals by friction and collision is the prerequisite for separation of minerals by friction electroseparation. How to make ore particles carry as much charge as possible and uniform charge will determine the improvement of separation effect and processing ability. It is also the core problem to promote the large-scale application of friction electricity separation in production, so the research of friction charge mode is very important in friction electricity selection. Friction charge of ore particles driven by air flow has been proved to be an efficient and promising friction charging method, which not only has high charge capacity, but also adapts to a wide range of ore properties. However, in the process of frictional charging of ore particles driven by airflow, the structure of charging apparatus is affected by the properties of materials and operation parameters, and the motion characteristics of new type of charging apparatus and gas-solid two-phase flow are studied. It has important theoretical significance and practical value to promote the development of friction electricity separation. On the basis of analyzing the influence factors of frictional charge of ore particles driven by airflow, the dynamic equation of gas-solid two-phase flow in charged electric appliance is established. By studying and comparing the structure and effect of different friction-loaded electrical apparatus, the impact-type friction charging apparatus is designed. There are four new types of friction loaders, such as sawtooth wave, sine wave and oblique plate. The numerical simulation of the structure parameters and working parameters of four kinds of air flow friction charging apparatus with different structures is carried out by numerical simulation. The simulation results are demonstrated by modern high speed camera technology. The numerical simulation results show that the impact air friction charge, the sawtooth air friction load, the sine wave air flow friction charge and the inclined plate friction charge can cause frequent and violent friction collisions of ore particles. It is beneficial to the friction charge of ore particles. The four kinds of friction charging apparatus with different structures have different advantages, among which the impact air flow friction charging apparatus has the advantages of ensuring that most of the ore particles can be frictional collided, the sawtooth wave type air flow friction charge apparatus has the most severe friction collision, However, it is easy to deposit ore, which affects the continuity of the work of the electric charging apparatus, the sinusoidal air flow friction charge apparatus is relatively smooth because of the change of the curvature of the friction plate, and the mineral accumulation is relatively less than that of the sawtooth wave type. However, the effect of friction charge is also poor: the inclined plate type friction charging apparatus is the best structure for the dispersity of ore particles. However, in the empirical test, we find that there is a small amount of ore-accumulation in the structure of some pneumatic charging appliances, and further optimization of the structure design is needed in the follow-up work.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD91
本文编号：2129652
[Abstract]:To separate useful minerals from gangue minerals by friction and collision is the prerequisite for separation of minerals by friction electroseparation. How to make ore particles carry as much charge as possible and uniform charge will determine the improvement of separation effect and processing ability. It is also the core problem to promote the large-scale application of friction electricity separation in production, so the research of friction charge mode is very important in friction electricity selection. Friction charge of ore particles driven by air flow has been proved to be an efficient and promising friction charging method, which not only has high charge capacity, but also adapts to a wide range of ore properties. However, in the process of frictional charging of ore particles driven by airflow, the structure of charging apparatus is affected by the properties of materials and operation parameters, and the motion characteristics of new type of charging apparatus and gas-solid two-phase flow are studied. It has important theoretical significance and practical value to promote the development of friction electricity separation. On the basis of analyzing the influence factors of frictional charge of ore particles driven by airflow, the dynamic equation of gas-solid two-phase flow in charged electric appliance is established. By studying and comparing the structure and effect of different friction-loaded electrical apparatus, the impact-type friction charging apparatus is designed. There are four new types of friction loaders, such as sawtooth wave, sine wave and oblique plate. The numerical simulation of the structure parameters and working parameters of four kinds of air flow friction charging apparatus with different structures is carried out by numerical simulation. The simulation results are demonstrated by modern high speed camera technology. The numerical simulation results show that the impact air friction charge, the sawtooth air friction load, the sine wave air flow friction charge and the inclined plate friction charge can cause frequent and violent friction collisions of ore particles. It is beneficial to the friction charge of ore particles. The four kinds of friction charging apparatus with different structures have different advantages, among which the impact air flow friction charging apparatus has the advantages of ensuring that most of the ore particles can be frictional collided, the sawtooth wave type air flow friction charge apparatus has the most severe friction collision, However, it is easy to deposit ore, which affects the continuity of the work of the electric charging apparatus, the sinusoidal air flow friction charge apparatus is relatively smooth because of the change of the curvature of the friction plate, and the mineral accumulation is relatively less than that of the sawtooth wave type. However, the effect of friction charge is also poor: the inclined plate type friction charging apparatus is the best structure for the dispersity of ore particles. However, in the empirical test, we find that there is a small amount of ore-accumulation in the structure of some pneumatic charging appliances, and further optimization of the structure design is needed in the follow-up work.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD91
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