水库下开采硬土的宏观变形破坏规律及应用
发布时间：2018-07-27 15:30
【摘要】：在煤矿开采工程中,第四系深部或新近系土均具有介于岩和土之间的一些性质,有些由于赋存层位特殊,介于上部含水层和煤系地层之间,结构上可作为防隔水层处理,其变形和破坏是分析开采安全的重要因素。本文以河南泉店煤矿灵泉水库压覆区近松散层薄基岩下开采为地质原型,分析了矿区地质、水文地质与工程地质条件,并着重对硬土进行判别、分类,分析了其工程地质性质,归纳总结了硬土变形破坏的影响因素,选取了基岩厚度、懫厚、硬土性质三个因素按正交法则进行相似模拟试验,总结了硬土宏观变形破坏特征,并分析了其破坏机理;同时,对硬土进行水稳试验和电导率试验,划分了不同水稳性和水土作用阶段,从粒度成分、结构和矿物成分上对其机理进行了分析。本文取得的主要成果有:(1)试验并总结了硬土的宏观变形破坏特征和机理。根据水库压覆区地质原型,按不同基岩厚度、不同懫厚、不同岩性设计9组工程地质模型试验,发现:硬土变形破坏类似于基岩,随上行裂隙的扩展会产生类似于“离层”的水平裂隙和纵向裂隙,呈“拱”状破坏,可划分为四个阶段,其中泥质硬土和砂质硬土的变形破坏形式又不同,泥质硬土的塑性强,成梁(板)好,而砂质硬土呈脆性破断,较松散的特性。硬土破坏带发育高度影响的敏感性主次顺序为基岩厚、采厚、硬土性质,并回归出方程。从压力平衡拱理论解释硬土的变形破坏机理,并建立了硬土压力平衡拱的力学模型。(2)试验并分析了硬土的水稳性和差异性。根据硬土水解试验的崩解破坏形式,归纳出3种水稳性类型:浸水后不崩解Ⅰ型、浸水后弱崩解Ⅱ型、浸水后强崩解Ⅲ型。电导率试验发现:电导率和TDS值绝对增量增加的快慢所表征的水土作用强度,可与浸水崩解过程对应一致;电导率和TDS绝对增量随时间变化具有阶段性,可划分为3个阶段,即前10min为水土作用快速段(Ⅰ),10~120min为中速段(Ⅱ),120~1440min为缓速段(Ⅲ)。从黏粒含量、结构和黏土矿物成分上对硬土进行水稳性差异机理探讨分析,得出:黏粒含量越高,水稳性特征越好,崩解性越弱;裂隙越发育,水稳性特征越差,崩解性越强;蒙脱石、高岭石和伊利石的含量越高,水稳性特征越差,崩解性越强。(3)根据水库下硬土宏观变形破坏规律及水稳特性研究,分析了水库压覆区安全开采的可行性。
[Abstract]:In coal mining engineering, the deep or Neogene soils of the Quaternary have some properties between rock and soil, some of them are between the upper aquifer and coal measure strata because of their special occurrence, so they can be treated as water-proof layers structurally. Its deformation and failure are important factors in the analysis of mining safety. This paper takes mining under thin bedrock near loose layer in Lingquan Reservoir of Quandian Coal Mine in Henan Province as geological prototype, analyzes geological, hydrogeological and engineering geological conditions of mining area, and emphatically discriminates and classifies hard soil, and analyzes its engineering geological properties. The influencing factors of deformation and failure of hard soil are summarized, and the similar simulation tests of rock thickness, thickness and properties of hard soil are carried out according to the orthogonal rule, and the macroscopic deformation and failure characteristics of hard soil are summarized, and the failure mechanism is analyzed. The water stability test and electrical conductivity test of hard soil were carried out, and the different stages of water stability and soil and water action were divided. The mechanism was analyzed in terms of particle size composition, structure and mineral composition. The main results obtained in this paper are as follows: (1) the macroscopic deformation and failure characteristics and mechanism of hard soil are tested and summarized. According to the geological prototype of the overlying area of reservoir, according to different bedrock thickness, different thickness and different lithology, 9 groups of engineering geological model tests are designed. It is found that the deformation and failure of hard soil is similar to that of bedrock. Along with the expansion of the uplink fissure, horizontal and longitudinal fissures similar to the "separated layer" will be produced, which can be divided into four stages, in which the deformation and failure forms of muddy hard soil and sandy hard soil are different, and the ductility of muddy hard soil is strong. The beam-forming is good, while the sandy hard soil is brittle and looser. The sensitivity order of the development height of hard soil failure zone is the thickness of bedrock, the mining thickness, the properties of hard soil, and the regression equation. The deformation and failure mechanism of hard soil is explained from the theory of pressure equilibrium arch, and the mechanical model of hard soil pressure equilibrium arch is established. (2) the water stability and difference of hard soil are tested and analyzed. According to the collapse failure form of hard soil hydrolysis test, three types of water stability were concluded: type I without disintegration after immersion, type 鈪，
本文编号：2148275
[Abstract]:In coal mining engineering, the deep or Neogene soils of the Quaternary have some properties between rock and soil, some of them are between the upper aquifer and coal measure strata because of their special occurrence, so they can be treated as water-proof layers structurally. Its deformation and failure are important factors in the analysis of mining safety. This paper takes mining under thin bedrock near loose layer in Lingquan Reservoir of Quandian Coal Mine in Henan Province as geological prototype, analyzes geological, hydrogeological and engineering geological conditions of mining area, and emphatically discriminates and classifies hard soil, and analyzes its engineering geological properties. The influencing factors of deformation and failure of hard soil are summarized, and the similar simulation tests of rock thickness, thickness and properties of hard soil are carried out according to the orthogonal rule, and the macroscopic deformation and failure characteristics of hard soil are summarized, and the failure mechanism is analyzed. The water stability test and electrical conductivity test of hard soil were carried out, and the different stages of water stability and soil and water action were divided. The mechanism was analyzed in terms of particle size composition, structure and mineral composition. The main results obtained in this paper are as follows: (1) the macroscopic deformation and failure characteristics and mechanism of hard soil are tested and summarized. According to the geological prototype of the overlying area of reservoir, according to different bedrock thickness, different thickness and different lithology, 9 groups of engineering geological model tests are designed. It is found that the deformation and failure of hard soil is similar to that of bedrock. Along with the expansion of the uplink fissure, horizontal and longitudinal fissures similar to the "separated layer" will be produced, which can be divided into four stages, in which the deformation and failure forms of muddy hard soil and sandy hard soil are different, and the ductility of muddy hard soil is strong. The beam-forming is good, while the sandy hard soil is brittle and looser. The sensitivity order of the development height of hard soil failure zone is the thickness of bedrock, the mining thickness, the properties of hard soil, and the regression equation. The deformation and failure mechanism of hard soil is explained from the theory of pressure equilibrium arch, and the mechanical model of hard soil pressure equilibrium arch is established. (2) the water stability and difference of hard soil are tested and analyzed. According to the collapse failure form of hard soil hydrolysis test, three types of water stability were concluded: type I without disintegration after immersion, type 鈪，
本文编号：2148275
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/kuangye/2148275.html
